1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Ûberprüfung der durchführbarkeit von Prüfungsvorschriften und der Aussagekraft der Grundprüfung des E. Chem. G

Author:

Korte F and Greim H

Year:

1981

Bibliographic source:

Umweltforschungsplan des Umweltministeriums des Innern, Chemikalien, Forschungsbericht 107 04 006/01. 172

Reference 2

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

European Union Risk Assessment Report - 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

Author:

European Commission - European Chemicals Bureau

Year:

2003

Bibliographic source:

Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

No GLP. Results were not reported in detail. Not all mandatory timepoints are given.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

GLP was not mandatory at the time of the study

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

EC Number:

204-428-0

EC Name:

1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

Cas Number:

120-82-1

Molecular formula:

C6H3Cl3

IUPAC Name:

1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
- Analytical purity: 98%

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

other: white Russian

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2.5-2.8 kg
- Housing: animals were individually housed in V2A-Steel cages (floor area 0.4 m²)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 ± 3°C
- Humidity (%): 60%± 5%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light

Test system

Vehicle:

other: no data. The right eye was used as control and was treated with 0.1 mL NaCl isotonic solution

Controls:

other: the right eye was used as control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Concentration (if solution): 100 mg/ 0.1 mL

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hours

Observation period (in vivo):

until 72 hours

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

6

Details on study design:

Prior to the application and 1, 24, and 72 hours after application, the eyes were ophthalmologic investigated. The eye response was reviewed by 2 independent investigators. In the event of discrepancies in the assessment was the mean value was calculated.

24 hours after application the eye was also treated with fluorescein (Fluorescein Sodium eye solution USP) and then investigated.

The evaluation of the eye response was similar to the Draize scheme:

1) CORNEA Assessment

Opacity
No Opacity 0

Scattered or diffuse 1*
opacities, iris still
clearly visible

Not entirely transparent areas, 2*
details of iris indistinct

Opalescent area, details of 3*
iris not visible,
Size of the pupil difficult to
determine

Opaque, invisible iris 4*


2) IRIS
Normal 0

Abnormal wrinkle formation,
congestion, 1*
swelling, vascular injection,
iris still reacts to light


No reaction to light, haemorrhage, 2*
severe destruction

3) CONJUNCTIVA
Erythema

Normal vessels 0

Hyperaemia 1
Diffuse redness, individual 2*
vessels can not be distinguished


massive redness all sections 3*

Swelling: lids and /or nictitating membrane

No swelling

Light swelling
(inclusive of nictitating membrane) 1

Externally visible swelling with 2*
exstrophy of the lids

Swelling that causes half-close lids 3*

Swelling that causes more then half-close 4*
to complete closed lids

The grades marked with * are considered positive reactions evaluated

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

6 animals

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

1

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

not specified

Irritant / corrosive response data:

There were no effects on the cornea or iris; test scores for conjunctiva redness and oedema were 1 and 0-2, respectively. 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene resulted in a slight irritation. Fluorescein test was negative.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Detailed test results are not available

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Executive summary:

Korte & Greim (1981)

 

The irritation/ corrosion potential of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene was investigated with acute irritation/corrosion according to OECD 405 with deviations 1,2,4-TCB (No GLP. Results were not reported in detail), resulted in a slight irritation. There were no effects on the cornea or iris; test scores for conjunctiva redness and oedema were 1 and 0-2, respectively. Detailed test results are not available. 1,2,4-TCB was found to be non-irritating to the eye according to the GHS criteria.