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Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
other: published data
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Justification for type of information:
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is one of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acids (LAS). Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is regarded with 12C-LAS.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
The activated sludge sample was obtained from the pilot-plant during period A in this study.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
25.1 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD test method encoded 301F. An automated sapromate(Voith) was used to follow O2 consumption in response to LAS mineralisation. A test with a blank inoculm was included as well as a test with 109mg/l of the ezsily biodegradable potassium hydrogen phthalate (PHP) to serve as a method control. All the tests were carried out in duplicate over a period of 28 days at a temperature of 20 deg C.
Reference substance:
other: potassium hydrogen phthalate (PHP)
Parameter:
other: mineralisation
Value:
> 60
Remarks on result:
other: within 28days
Details on results:
The O2-consumption data generated in the ready biodegradability tests(data not shown) showed that LAS is readily biodegradable as defined by the OECD Guidelines: more than 60% of mineralisation was achieved within 28 days and this level was reached within a time windows of 10 days from the start of mineralisation. From the O2-consumption data a biomass-yoeld Y of 0.50 (+/-) 0.02 mg^-1 O2 and a maximum specific growth rate of 0.050 (+/-) 0.003 h^-1 were estimated.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of C12- LAS (including Na-LAS) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The result is that more than 60% of mineralisation was achieved within 28 days.
Executive summary:

C12-LAS is readily biodegradable (more than 60% by mineralization wihin 28days) [OECD TG 301 F].

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 E (Ready biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
natural water
Details on inoculum:
To each liter of sterile Bay water was added 1.0 mL of sterile BOD buffer and 5 mL of a “seed” culture. The bacterial “seed” consisted of the sample of (non-filtered) Bay water from May 30, 1972 which was supplemented with DBS (10 ppm) and incubated at 20 deg C for 17 days, by which time more than 75% degradation had occurred.
Duration of test (contact time):
17 d
Initial conc.:
10 other: ppm
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
Detergent decomposition depends on aerobic respiratory processes, incubation in a closed vessel results in depletion of dissolved oxygen. To determine oxygen utilization during detergent oxidation a BOD-type test was employed with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate as substrate. Bay water aged more than 30 days was sterilized by membrane filtration (Millipore, 0.45 um).
Parameter:
% degradation (test mat. analysis)
Value:
> 75
Sampling time:
11 d
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Biodegradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS), at 10 ppm was measured 75% after 11 days and test temperature was maintained at 20 deg C for 17 days. The sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS) could be conclued as readily degradable.
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
other: published data
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Justification for type of information:
Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acids (CAS# 27176-87-0 , EC Number; 248-289-4) ) is a very close analogue of Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (CAS No. 25155-30-0, EC Number; 246-680-4) ) and the dissociated acid it readily dissociates in water and release the dodecylbenzene sulfonic anion in solution.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
10 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Initial conc.:
20 mg/L
Based on:
DOC
Details on study design:
This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD Guide-line 301 B "Ready Biodegradability: Modified Sturm Test (CO2 evolution)"
% degradation refers to mineralization. . All the tests were carried out in duplicate over a period of 28 days at a temperature of 20 deg C.
Reference substance:
not specified
Parameter:
other: mineralisation
Value:
69
Remarks on result:
other: after 28 day
Details on results:
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of Benzene sulfonic acid, dodecyl- (27176-87-0) under aerobic conditions.
The result is that it was achieved 69% mineralization after 28 days.This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD Guide-line 301 B "Ready Biodegradability: Modified Sturm Test (CO2 evolution)"
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of Benzene sulfonic acid, dodecyl- (27176-87-0) under aerobic conditions.
The result is that it was achieved 69% mineralization after 28 days.This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD Guide-line 301 B "Ready Biodegradability: Modified Sturm Test (CO2 evolution)"
Executive summary:

Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of Benzene sulfonic acid, dodecyl- (27176-87-0) under aerobic conditions. The result is that it was achieved 69% mineralization after 28 days.This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD Guide-line 301 B "Ready Biodegradability: Modified Sturm Test (CO2 evolution)"

Description of key information

Biodegradation in water:screening tests
 
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of C12-LAS (including sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS)) under aerobic conditions. Temmink and Klapwijk (2004) conducted OECD 301F test and the result is that more than 60% of mineralisation was achieved within 28 days.
Cook and Glodman, 1974 conducted Biodegradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS), at 10 ppm was measured 75% after 11 days and test temperature was maintained at 20 deg C for 17 days. The sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS) could be conclued as readily degradable.
For dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, the available study indicates 69% of the material mineralized after 28 days ,OECD 301B test (USEPA 1992).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
readily biodegradable

Additional information

Biodegradation in water:screening tests

 

Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation of C12-LAS (including sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS)) under aerobic conditions. Temmink and Klapwijk (2004) conducted OECD 301F test and the result is that more than 60% of mineralisation was achieved within 28 days.

Cook and Glodman, 1974 conducted Biodegradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS), at 10 ppm was measured 75% after 11 days and test temperature was maintained at 20 deg C for 17 days. The sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS) could be conclued as readily degradable.

For dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, the available study indicates 69% of the material mineralized after 28 days ,OECD 301B test (USEPA 1992).

Table     Summary of Biodegradation in water:screening tests

 

Type/ Method

Test material

Degradation

Duration

References

Aerobic/

OECD 301F

C12-LAS

> 60 % of mineralisation

28 days

Temmink and Klapwijk, 2004

Aerobic/

Other

Sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate

75 %

11 days

Cook and Glodman, 1974

Aerobic/

OECD 301B

Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid

69 % of mineralisation

28 days

USEPA 1992