Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

QSAR prediction: US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: QSAR

Principles of method if other than guideline:

ECOSAR Program (v1.00)

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

not applicable to QSAR models

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

other: earthworm

Animal group:

other: QSAR model

Study type:

other: QSAR

Substrate type:

other: QSAR

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Test temperature:

not applicable. QSAR model

pH:

not applicable. QSAR model

Moisture:

not applicable. QSAR model

Details on test conditions:

100% Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt
SMILES : O([Na])S(=O)(=O)c1ccc(cc1)CCCCCCCCCCCC
CHEM : Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt
CAS Num: 25155-30-0
MOL FOR: C18 H29 O3 S1 Na1
MOL WT : 348.48
Log Kow: 3.00 (KowWin estimate)
Wat Sol: 800 mg/L (experimental database)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

477.471 mg/kg soil ww

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: 1 kg of water has a volume of 1 L and the mg/kg and mg/L are the same.

Details on results:

LC50 (14-day, earthworm)= 477.471 mg/L (ppm)
1 kg of water has a volume of 1 L and the mg/kg and mg/L are the same.
LC50 (14-day, earthworm)=477.471 mg/kg soil dw

Reported statistics and error estimates:

US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Overview of QSARs estimations on toxicity of 

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate/Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt

to soil macroorganisms

Method	Results	Remarks	Reference
QSAR estimate	LC50 (14-day, earthworm)= 477.471 mg/L (ppm)	Reliable withrestrictions, QSAR estimated data	ECOSAR Program (v1.00)

 

 

LC50 (14-day, earthworm)= 477.471 mg/kg soil dw

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment.

Conclusions:

LC50 (14-day, earthworm)= 477.471 mg/L (ppm)
1 kg of water has a volume of 1 L and the mg/kg and mg/L are the same.
LC50 (14-day, earthworm)=477.471 mg/kg soil dw

Executive summary:

The ECOSAR QSAR model predicts that 14-day, LC50 (14-day, earthworm) would to be 477.471 mg/L (ppm).

1 kg of water has a volume of 1 L and the mg/kg and mg/L are the same.

LC50 (14-day, earthworm)=477.471 mg/kg soil dw

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

other: published data

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

OECD Guideline 207, 1984. Ten adult worms (mean wt. 0.66 g/animal) were placed into each of four glass jars per concentration with soil comprised of 70% 5010 grade silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay, and 10% finely ground sphagnum peat. Nominal test concentrations in the soil were 1000, 500, 250, 125, 63 and 0 mg/kg dry weight. Temperature was maintained at 20+/-2oCwith 24-hour continuous lighting at 600 lux. Earthworms were assessed for mortality, general health, body weight, and behavior after 7 and 14 days.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Eisenia fetida

Animal group:

annelids

Details on test organisms:

Species :Earthworm (Eisenia foetida), mean weight 660 mg
No. of worms: 10 worms/jar, 4 jars/treatment.

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

artificial soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Post exposure observation period:

Earthworms were assessed for mortality, general health, body weight and behavior after 7 and 14 days.

Test temperature:

20±2℃

Moisture:

35±1%.

Details on test conditions:

- Soil : 70% silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay and 10% sphagnum peat- Soil Temperature: 20 +/- 2 deg C- Soil moisture : 35%- Lamp: cool white fluorescence lamps, 700-750 lux (24 hours)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

norminally 1000, 500, 250, 125, 63, and 1 microgram/gram dry weight

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

Mortality, Weight

Remarks on result:

other: Eisenia foetida / LAS : 14days-LC50 > 1mg/g. (nominal).

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

250 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

meas. (initial)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

Mortality, Weight

Details on results:

All group had 100% wurvival except the 1000 mg/kg which had 95% survival. A 33% and 23 % reduction in body weight was pbserved at 100 and 500 mg/kg. Based on statistical analysis of the weight data, the no effect concentration was nominal 250 mg/kg dose, which was confirmed by HPLC to be 235 mg/kg.

Measured concentration was 94% of nominal.

Parameter	Time (d)	Nominal concentration [mg/kg soil]
		0	63	125	250	500	1000
Mortality [%]	14	0	0	0	0	0	5

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

All group had 100% wurvival except the 1000 mg/kg which had 95% survival. A 33% and 23 % reduction in body weight was pbserved at 100 and 500 mg/kg. Based on statistical analysis of the weight data, the no effect concentration was nominal 250 mg/kg dose, which was confirmed by HPLC to be 235 mg/kg.
The 14d-LC50for Eisenia foetida was more than 1000 mg/kg.

Executive summary:

An earthworm acute toxicity test (OECD TG 207) of commercial LAS (average carbon chain length of 11.36) was performed with Eisenia foetida on artificial soil. The 14d-LC₅₀for Eisenia foetida was more than 1000 mg/kg.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

other: published data

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: other guideline: US Food and Drug Administration guidelines No. 4.12 ‘Earthworm Subacute Toxicity’

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Ten adult earthworms (mean wt. 3.2 g/animal) were placed in each of four replicate one-gallon glass jars for each test concentration. Nominal test concentrations in the soil were 1333, 667, 333, 167, 84, and 0 mg/kg dry weight. Soil was comprised of 70% silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay, and 10% sphagnum peat. Rabbit faeces was added as food at 50 g/kg. Temperature was maintained at 13+/-2oC with 24 hour continuous lighting at 700-750 lux. Worms were assessed fo mortality, general health, body weight, and behavior after 7 and 14 days.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: Lumbricus terrestris

Animal group:

annelids

Details on test organisms:

- Test animal : adult, initial mean weight 3.2 g
Lumbricus terrestris (soil dwelling worm)

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

artificial soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Post exposure observation period:

Earthworms were assessed for mortality, general health, body weight and behavior after 7 and 14 days.

Test temperature:

13 +/- 2 deg C

Moisture:

20-29%

Details on test conditions:

- Soil : 70% silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay and 10% sphagnum peat- Soil Temperature: 13 +/- 2 deg C- Soil moisture : 20-29%

Nominal and measured concentrations:

narminally 1333, 667, 333, 167, 84 and 1 microgram/gram dry weight

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 333 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

Mortality, Weight

Remarks on result:

other: Lumbricus terrestris /LAS : 14days-LC50 is 1.33mg/g(nominal).

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

667 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

14 day LC50 > 1333 mg/kg. Motality varied from 0 to 22.5 % but there were no statistically significant differences among treatment groups. Based on weight and burrowing behavior, the no effect concentration was nominal 667 mg/kg dose, measureded HPLC 613 mg/kg.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

14 day LC50 > 1333mg/kg. Motality varied from 0 to 22.5 % but there were no statistically significant differences among treatment groups. Based on weight and burrowing behavior, the no effect concentration was nominal 667 μg/g dose, measureded HPLC 613 mg/kg.

Executive summary:

In this study 14d-LC₅₀value was more than 1,333 mg/kg for Lumbricus terrestris.

No statistically significant mortality was observed at the highest nominal concentration of 1333 mg/kg. Based on weight and burrowing behavior, the no effect concentration was the nominal 667 mg/kg dose, which was confirmed by HPLC to be 613 mg/kg. It should be noted that the continuous lighting prevented normal feeding, which normally occurs at night on the surface, and thus the test conditions and results should be considered highly conservative.

Description of key information

An earthworm acute toxicity test (OECD TG 207) of commercial LAS (average carbon chain length of 11.36) was performed with Eisenia foetida on artificial soil. The 14d-LC50 for Eisenia foetida was more than 1000 mg/kg. The No effect concentration was nominal NOEC=250 mg/kg soil.
In another study used Lumbricus terrestris for 14days and 14d-LC50 value was more than 1333 mg/kg. The no effect concentration was nominal NOEC=667 mg/kg soil.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil macroorganisms:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil macroorganisms:

250 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

An earthworm acute toxicity test (OECD TG 207) of commercial LAS (average carbon chain length of 11.36) was performed with Eisenia foetida on artificial soil. The 14d-LC50 for Eisenia foetida was more than 1000 mg/kg.

The No effect concentration was nominal NOEC=250 mg/kg soil.

In another study used Lumbricus terrestris for 14 days and 14d-LC50 value was more than 1333 mg/kg. The no effect concentration was nominal NOEC=667 mg/kg soil.