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EC number: 202-704-5 | CAS number: 98-82-8
Toxicological Summary
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 100 mg/m³
DNEL related information
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 250 mg/m³
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 15.4 mg/kg bw/day
DNEL related information
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
Worker-DNEL long-term for dermal route-systemic
Relevant dose-descriptor for the endpoint concerned:OEL of 100 mg/m3 (SEG/SUM/29, 1993)
Correction of starting point:
Route of exposure (inhalation versus dermal exposure): OEL of 100 mg/m3 is converted to 1000 mg/person/day assuming a breathing volume of 10 m3 in workers.
Similar exposure conditions (occupational exposure during 8 h shift).
Average person weight of 65 kg
100 mg/m3 x 10 m3/d /65 kg= 15.4 mg/kg bw/d
Assessment factors relating to the extrapolation procedure:
Assessment factors have been included in derivation of OEL, therefore no further assessment factor
Overall assessment factor: 0
DNEL worker long-term dermal systemic = 15.4 mg/kg bw/day
Worker-DNEL long-term for inhalation route-systemic
Relevant dose-descriptor for the endpoint concerned: SCOEL (1993) used the NOAEL of 100 ppm (500 mg/m³) for CNS effects in a 90d study in rats. This was considered to be the best available basis for proposing occupational exposure limits.
Assessment factors relating to the extrapolation procedure:
According to SCOEL, an uncertainty factor of 5 was considered appropriate because of the absence of human data.
DNEL worker long-term inhalation systemic = 100 mg/m3 (20 ppm)
Worker-DNEL acute for inhalation route-local
According to SCOEL, a STEL (15 mins) of 50 ppm (250 mg/m³) was proposed to limit peaks of exposure which could result in irritation. A “skin” notation was recommended as dermal absorption could contribute substantially to the total body burden.
DNEL worker acute inhalation local: 250 mg/m3 (50 ppm)
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 16.6 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 2
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.2 mg/kg bw/day
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 2
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 2
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
General population -DNEL long-term for dermal route-systemic
Relevant dose-descriptor for the endpoint concerned:OEL of 100 mg/m3 (SEG/SUM/29, 1993)
Correction of starting point:
Route of exposure (inhalation versus dermal exposure): the OEL of 100 mg/m³ is converted to 2000 mg/person/day assuming a breathing volume of 20 m3 in general population
Exposure conditions (occupational exposure versus continuous exposure): daily exposure: workers: 8 h/d; general population: 24 h/d = factor 0.33
Average person weight of 65 kg
100 mg/m3 x 20 m3/d x 0.33 /65 kg= 10.2 mg/kg bw/d
Assessment factors relating to the extrapolation procedure
Interspecies differences: not necessary as OEL was starting point, and already included AF for interspecies differences.
Intraspecies differences: assessment factor of 2 due to differences between worker and general population
Overall assessment factor: 2
DNEL general population chronic dermal systemic: 5 mg/kg bw/day
General population -DNEL long-term for inhalation route-systemic
Relevant dose-descriptor for the endpoint concerned:OEL of 100 mg/m3 (SEG/SUM/29, 1993)
Correction of starting point
Same route of exposure.
Exposure conditions (occupational exposure versus continuous exposure): daily exposure: workers: 8 h/d; general population: 24 h/d = factor 0.33.
100 mg/m3 x 0.33 = 33.3 mg/m3
Assessment factors relating to the extrapolation procedure:
Interspecies differences: not necessary as OEL was starting point, and already included AF for interspecies differences.
Intraspecies differences: assessment factor of 2 due to differences between worker and general population
Overall assessment factor: 2
DNEL general population long-term inhalation systemic = 16.6 mg/m3
General population-DNEL long-term for oral route-systemic
Relevant dose-descriptor for the endpoint concerned:OEL of 100 mg/m3 (SEG/SUM/29, 1993)
Correction of starting point:
Route of exposure (inhalation versus oral exposure): the OEL of 100 mg/m3 is converted to 2000 mg/person/day assuming a breathing volume of 20 m3 in general population;
Exposure conditions (occupational exposure versus continuous exposure): Daily exposure: workers: 8 h/d; general population: 24 h/d = factor 0.33.
Average person weight of 65 kg
100mg/m3 x 20 m3/d x 0.33 /65 kg= 10.2 mg/kg bw/d
Assessment factors relating to the extrapolation procedure:
Interspecies differences: not necessary as OEL was starting point, and already included AF for interspecies differences.
Intraspecies differences: assessment factor of 2 due to differences between worker and general population
Overall assessment factor: 2
DNEL general population long-term oral systemic: 5 mg/kg bw/day
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