Choline chloride

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity to fish:

Leuciscus idus_DIN 38412: LC50(96h) > 10000 mg/L, NOEC(96h): 10000 mg/L (applies for 78 % and 50 % Choline Chloride)

 

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Daphnia magna_EU Method C.2: EC0(48h): 125 mg/L, EC50(48h): 500 mg/L, EC100(48h) ≥ 500 mg/L

 

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Daphnia magna_OECD 211_time-weighted mean of measured concentrations: LC50(21d) > 95.50 mg/L (parental mortality), EC50(21d): 58.9 mg/L (95 % CL: 37.7 - 83.7 mg/L), NOEC(21d): 30.2 mg/L, LOEC(21d): 95.5 mg/L

 

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

No toxicity observed even at highest concentration level tested.
Scenedesmus subspicatus_DIN 38412 L9:

ErC10(72h) > 500 mg/L,

EbC10(72h) > 500 mg/L,

ErC50(72h) > 500 mg/L,

EbC50(72h) > 500 mg/L,

ErC10(96h) > 500 mg/L,

EbC10(96h) > 500 mg/L,

ErC50(96h) > 500 mg/L,

EbC50(96h) > 500 mg/L

 

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Pseudomonas putida_DIN 38412 Part 8: EC10(17h): 112.90 mg/L, EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L

Additional information

The aquatic toxicity of the test substance Choline chloride towards all required trophic levels (fish, invertebrate and algae) and microorganisms was investigated experimentally. Based on the good water solubility of the test substance, no solvents, pretreatments and/or other adaptions had to be performed.

Information concerning toxicity towards any other aquatic organisms is not available. Furthermore, these are no mandatory requirements in accordance to REACH Regulation (EC) 1907/2006.

 

Toxicity to fish

The freshwater fish Leuciscus idus was exposed to the test substance for 96 hours (BASF AG, 1988). The experiment was conducted equivalent to the German guideline DIN 38412. The LC50(96h) can be considered to be > 10000 mg/L and the NOEC(96h): 10000 mg/L. Based on the chemical safety assessment (CSA), long-term testing for fish is not triggered since the obtained results indicate that Choline chloride is not toxic even at the highest concentration tested. This endpoint is waived in accordance to REACH, Annex IX, Section 9.1.6, column 2.

 

Toxicity to invertebrates

Daphnia magna was used as test organism in an experiment conducted according to EU Method C.2. (BASF AG, 1988). The final results were reported as: EC0(48h): 125 mg/L, EC50(48h) >= 500 mg/L and EC100(48h) >= 500 mg/L.

Based on data available from the Ministry of Environment (MOE) Japan (1999), long-term results of the aquatic invertebrate were reported as: LC50(21d) > 95.50 mg/L (parental mortality), EC50(21d): 58.9 mg/L (95 % CL: 37.7 - 83.7 mg/L), NOEC(21d): 30.2 mg/L and LOEC(21d): 95.5 mg/L. This experiment was conducted according to OECD 211.

 

Toxicity to algae

The BASF AG (1989) investigated the toxicity towards algae of Choline chloride according to the German guideline DIN 38412 L9. Scenedesmus subspicatus was used as test organism. All EC50 values based on growth rate as well as on biomass, are > 500 mg/L. This applies for exposure durations of 72 h as well as of 96 h.

 

Toxicity to microorganisms

The toxicity of Choline chloride towards Pseudomonas putida was investigated according to German standard DIN 38412 Part 8 (BASF AG, 2003). The following results were obtained: EC10(17h): 112.90 mg/L, EC50(17h): 132.80 mg/L and EC90(17h): 278.20 mg/L, respectively.