Choline chloride

pH

Administrative data

Endpoint:

pH

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The present data are taken from secondary literature (OECD SIDS report), no further details are available and hence, the reliability cannot be assigned.

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reference

Endpoint:

density, other

Remarks:

density (not further specified)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The present data are taken from secondary literature (OECD SIDS report), no further details are available and hence, the reliability cannot be assigned.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Type:

density

Density:

1.1 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

As the value indicated here refers to a solution, the density of the pure substance may differ.

Conclusions:

The density of a 75 % choline chloride solution was determined. Hence, the density of the pure substance may differ.
Also, data was gained from secondary literature referring to company data without proof. So, the results are not considered as reliable, but will be nevertheless used for the assessment of choline chloride until the data from the new, planned experimental study will be available.

Executive summary:

The density of a 75% aqueous choline chloride solution was determined to be 1.1 g/cm³ at 20°C.

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reference

Endpoint:

density, other

Remarks:

density (not further specified)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The present data are taken from secondary literature (OECD SIDS report), no further details are available and hence, the reliability cannot be assigned.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Type:

density

Density:

1.1 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Type:

density

Density:

1.11 g/cm³

Temp.:

0 °C

Type:

density

Density:

1.12 g/cm³

Temp.:

-20 °C

As the value indicated here refers to a solution, the density of the pure substance may differ.

Conclusions:

The density of a 70% choline chloride solution was determined. Hence, the density of the pure substance may differ.
Also, data was gained from secondary literature referring to company data without proof. So, the results are not considered as reliable, but will be nevertheless used for the assessment of choline chloride until the data from the new, planned experimental study will be available.

Executive summary:

The density of a 70% aqueous choline chloride solution was determined to be 1.10 g/cm³ at 20°C, 1.11 g/cm³ at 0°C and 1.12 g/cm³ at -20°C.

Cross-reference 3

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reference

Endpoint:

water solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The present data are taken from secondary literature (OECD SIDS report), no further details are available and hence, the reliability cannot be assigned.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: no data

Water solubility:

650 g/L

pH:

6 - 7

Remarks on result:

other: Test temperature unknown; also, since the test item consists of only 50% choline chloride, it is possible that the actual water solubility is only 325 g/L.

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results: very soluble (> 10000 mg/L)
The data was gained from a powder only containing 50% choline chloride. Hence, it is possible, that the actual water solubility of choline chloride is not 650 g/L but only 325 g/L.
Also, data was gained from secondary literature referring to company data without proof. So, the results are not considered as reliable, but will be nevertheless used for the assessment of choline chloride until the data from the new, planned experimental study will be available, because the value is in the expected range taking into account the ionic structure and rather small molecular weight, and the classification as "very soluble" is unlikely to change.

Executive summary:

The water solubility of the test item (choline chloride 50 ± 1%, silicic acid ca. 35 % (colloidal), water ca. 15%) was determined to be 650g/L, hence, choline chloride is classified as very soluble.

Cross-reference 4

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reference

Endpoint:

dissociation constant

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The present data are taken from secondary literature (OECD SIDS report), no further details are available and hence, the reliability cannot be assigned. Nevertheless the derivation is schientifically acceptable and comprehensible.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

no guideline required

Principles of method if other than guideline:

scientifically acceptable derivation

GLP compliance:

not specified

Dissociating properties:

yes

No.:

#1

Remarks on result:

other: The substance dissociates readily

Choline chloride is a quaternary amine salt, it dissociates in water into the corresponding positively charged quaternary hydroxyl alkylammonium ion and the negatively charged chloride ion.

Conclusions:

Choline chloride is a quaternary amine salt, it can be easily concluded that it dissociates in water into the corresponding positively charged quaternary hydroxyl alkylammonium ion and the negatively charged chloride ion.
The data was gained from secondary literature. So, in general the results would not be considered as reliable and only provide supporting information.

Executive summary:

Choline chloride is a quaternary amine salt, it can be easily concluded that it dissociates in water into the corresponding positively charged quaternary hydroxyl alkylammonium ion and the negatively charged chloride ion.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

SIDS Initial Assessment Report For SIAM 19 - Choline chloride

Author:

OECD SIDS

Year:

2004

Bibliographic source:

UNEP Publications / www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/67481.pdf

Report date:

2004

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Choline chloride

EC Number:

200-655-4

EC Name:

Choline chloride

Cas Number:

67-48-1

Molecular formula:

C5H14NO.Cl

IUPAC Name:

2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): choline chloride at different amounts and different specifications
- Substance type: aqueous solution
- Physical state: liquid solution
- Composition of test material, percentage of components:
60% choline chloride powder (a)
75% solution of choline chloride (b)
98% choline chloride (c)
- Other: Tested concentrations:
10 g/L (a)
50 g/L (b)
100 g/L (c)

Results and discussion

pH value

pH value 1

pH value:

6 - 7

Temp.:

20 °C

Concentration:

10 g/L

Remarks on result:

other: Concentration based on Choline Chloride, 60% powder

pH value 2

pH value:

5 - 6

Temp.:

20 °C

Concentration:

50 g/L

Remarks on result:

other: Concentration based on Choline Chloride, 75% solution

pH value 3

pH value:

4 - 6

Temp.:

20 °C

Concentration:

100 g/L

Remarks on result:

other: Concentration based on Choline Chloride, 98%

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The data was gained from secondary literature referring to company data without proof. So, the results are not considered as reliable, but will be nevertheless used for the assessment of choline chloride, because the values are rather consistent, in the expected range taking into account the contributing ions, and do not trigger any concern. The lowest pH was determined to be 4, and hence choline chloride can be considered as weak acid. Also, this endpoint is not mandatory and will be only used as additional information in risk assessment, so no datagaps due to the reliability are present.

Executive summary:

The pH values of three different Choline chloride solutions were determined to be 6 – 7 (10 g/L, 60% choline chloride powder), 5 – 6 (50 g/L, 75% solution of choline chloride), 4 – 6 (100 g/L, 98% choline chloride). Choline chloride is a weak acid.