Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 248-953-3 | CAS number: 28305-25-1
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- < 20.9
- Type:
- log Koc
- Value:
- < 1.32
- Details on results (HPLC method):
- Lactic acid eluted before phenol; phenol has a designated log Koc of 1.32. No relevant differences in the results were observed at neutral pH and pH 2.0.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Lactic acid log Koc < 1.32.
- Executive summary:
The adsorption coefficient (Koc) of lactic acid in soil and on sewage sludge was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Koc and log Koc value of the test substance at neutral pH and at pH 2 was < 20.9 and < 1.32, respectively.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption, other
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- ca. 1 L/kg
- Remarks on result:
- other: The Koc may vary by pH. The estimated value is applicable to the neutral pH range.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The substance is within the applicability domain of the QSAR model.
- Conclusions:
- The adsorption/desorption coefficient of lactic acid was estimated to be approximately 1 L/kg using the QSAR model KOCWIN v2.00.
- Executive summary:
The adsorption/desorption coefficient of lactic acid was estimated to be approximately 1 L/kg using the QSAR model KOCWIN v2.00.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance.For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Experimental determination of the adsorption/desorption coefficient of Calcium (S)-lactate is not required based on its physical-chemical properties. Adsorptivity is predicted to be insignificant, as derived from the partition coefficient (log Pow).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
According to Annex VIII, section 9.3.1, column 2 of the REACH Regulation, the adsorption coefficient (Koc) does not need to be experimentally determined if the substance has a low octanol water partition coefficient. The log Kow of Calcium (S)-lactate was determined to be < -1.50, indicating a very low potential to adsorb to organic carbon. The possibility that adsorption is driven by other factors than lipophilicity (e.g., surface activity, ionizability, cf. Regulation (EU) 2021/979) is assessed as follows: The surface tension of Calcium (S)-lactate in water is 72.6 mN/m, thus the substance is not surface active. Furthermore, Calcium (S)-lactate fully dissociates into Ca2+ ions and lactate in aqueous environments. The adsorption/desorption behaviour of Calcium (S)- lactate can thus be understood in terms of the adsorption/desorption behaviour of calcium salts and lactic acid. For lactic acid a QSAR prediction for the Koc is available, assuming the substance to be in fully protonated state, i.e., at maximized lipophilicity. The corresponding Koc is predicted to be 1 L/kg, demonstrating that at pH values maximizing lipophilicity (hence adsorption) the adsorption potential of lactate/lactic acid is negligible. Adsorption of calcium is not predicted to occur to any appreciable extent since calcium, as an inorganic ionic species, is not susceptible to pH-dependent changes in lipophilicity and/or adsorptivity. Therefore, the waiving criteria according to Annex VIII, column 2 of section 9.3.1 of the REACH Regulation, as amended by Regulation (EU) 2021/979, are fulfilled. Performance of an adsorption/desorption study is not required.
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