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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Already evaluated by the Competent Authorities for Biocides and Existing Substance Regulations.
Cross-reference
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Comparison of soil solution speciation and diffusive gradients in thin-films measurement as an indicator of copper bioavailability to plants
Author:
Zhao F-J, C.P. Rooney, H. Zhang and S.P. McGrath
Year:
2006
Bibliographic source:
Environ Toxicol Chem., Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 733-742, 2006

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:
This study was designed to determine wheter the variation in toxicity effect concentrations (tomato and barley) can be explained by the solubility or speciation of Cu in soil solutions or the diffusive gradients in thinfilms (DGT) measurement.

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
CuCl2
IUPAC Name:
CuCl2

Test organisms

open allclose all
Species:
Hordeum vulgare
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Species:
Lycopersicon esculentum
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Study design

Study type:
laboratory study

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations
Dose descriptor:
other: see summary
Remarks on result:
other: see summary

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
plant bioavailability of Cu in soil depends on Cu speciation, interactions with protective ions (H+) and the resupply from the solid phase. DGT measurement provides a useful indicator of Cu bioavailability in soil.
Executive summary:

The toxicity effect concentrations of total added Cu derived from barley root elongation and tomato growth assays varied widely among 18 European soils. Zhao et al (2006) investigated whether this variation could be explained by the solubility or speciation of Cu in soil solutions or the diffusive gradients in thinfilms (DGT) measurement. Solubility and Cu speciation varied greatly among the soils tested. However, the EC10 and EC50 of soil solution Cu or free Cu²+ activity varied even more widely than those based on the total added Cu, indicating that solubility or soil solution speciation alone could not explain intersoil variation in Cu toxicity. Estimated EC10 and EC50 of free Cu²+ activity correlated closely and negatively with soil pH, indicating a protective effect of H+, which is consistent with the biotic ligand model concept. The DGT measurement was found to narrow the intersoil variation in EC50 considerably and to be a better predictor of plant Cu concentrations than either soil solution Cu or free Cu²+ activity. The authors conclude that plant bioavailability of Cu in soil depends on Cu speciation, interactions with protective ions (H+) and the resupply from the solid phase, and conclude that the DGT measurement provides a useful indicator of Cu bioavailability in soil.