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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Description of key information

not readily biodegradable

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

There are several studies available on the biodegradability of the reaction mass of 2 -piperazin-1 -ylethanol, piperazine-1,4 -diethanol, piperazine and water as well as on the biodegradability of the single components of the mixture. The studies are summarised in the table below. The inocula for the single studies were taken according to the noted guidelines (non-adapted). There are only two cases were the inoculum was derived from an industrial source or source is unknown (noted in the table).

Ref.

Report no.

Guideline

Result

Assessment

Reliability

Test item: Hydroxyethylpiperazine mixture

BASF AG (1990)

01 758/89

ISO 7827, OECD 301E

7% after 29 d

not readily biodegradable

2

BASF AG (1990)

01 758/89

OECD 302B

0% after 27 d

not inherently biodegradable

2

Test item: Hydroxyethyl-piperazine (CAS 103-76-4)

BASF SE (2011)

QSAR: CATALOGIC v5.10.8 –

BOD Kinetic [OECD 301F]

beta v.06.07

25% after 28 d

not readily biodegradable

2

BASF SE (2011)

QSAR: CATALOGIC v5.10.8 –

BOD 28 days MITI (OECD 301C)

v.03.04

25% after 28 d

not readily biodegradable

2

BASF AG (1985)

Zahn-Wellens

(no information on inoculum)

> 90% after 18 d

easily eliminated from water

4

Test item: 2-(Piperazin-1-yl)ethylamine (CAS 140-31-8), read across to CAS 103-76-4

NITE (2004)

5-961

OECD 301C

5% after 28 d

not readily biodegradable

2

Test item: piperazine-1,4-diethanol (CAS 122-96-3) or dihydroxyethylpiperazine mixture

BASF AG (1991)

1/91/0673/20/1

OECD 301E

1% after 28 d

not readily biodegradable

2

BASF AG (1991)

1/91/0673/10/1

OECD 302B (inoculum:

mixture of activated sludge

from industrial and

domestic sources)

11% after 28 d

not easily eliminated from water

2

BASF AG (1989)

1/89/0621

OECD 302B

< 3% after 27 d

not easily eliminated from water

2

BASF AG (1989)

1/89/0621

ISO 7827, OECD 301E

4% after 29 d

not readily biodegradable

2

Test item: piperazine (CAS 110-85-0)

Dow (2007)

061061A

OECD 301F

65% after 28 d

readily biodegradable

1

BASF SE (2011)

00G0649/10x161

OECD 306

1% after 263 d

(max. 8% after 21 d)

poorly biodegradable in seawater

1

Regarding the results from the studies, it can be concluded that only piperazine is readily biodegradable. All other components of the reaction mass and the reaction mass itself are based on a weight-of-evidence approach not readily biodegradable.