Quinoline

Genetic toxicity: in vivo

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

No data

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: No guideline followed but the study is similar to the OECD 474 guideline. Only one sex was tested but quinoline shows carcinogenicity in male and females.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Effects of quinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline on mouse bone marrow erythrocytes as measured by the micronucleus assay.

Author:

Hamoud MA, Ong T, Petersen M, Nath J

Year:

1989

Bibliographic source:

Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis and mutagenesis 9: 111-118

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

No guideline available when the study was performed.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of assay:

micronucleus assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Quinoline

EC Number:

202-051-6

EC Name:

Quinoline

Cas Number:

91-22-5

Molecular formula:

C9H7N

IUPAC Name:

quinoline

Details on test material:

Supplier Radian Corp (Austin).
No further information

Test animals

Species:

mouse

Strain:

CD-1

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding lab (USA)
- Age at study initiation: 6 to 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: no data
- Assigned to test groups randomly: no data
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: 5 per cage, bedding consisted of hardwood chips and excelsior nesting material.
- Diet: Purina laboratory rodent chow, ad libitum
- Water : ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 5-7 days


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
no data


IN-LIFE DATES: no data

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

intraperitoneal

Vehicle:

- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: corn oil
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: no data
- Concentration of test material in vehicle: 2.5; 5 or 10 mg/mL
- Amount of vehicle : 10 mL/kg
- Lot/batch no. (if required): no data
- Purity: no data

Details on exposure:

Single injection by ip

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Single dose

Frequency of treatment:

Single dose

Post exposure period:

24, 48 or 72 h

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
25, 50 and 100 mg/kg
Basis:
nominal conc.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

15 animals per dose, only males

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Positive control(s):

triethylenemelamine
- Justification for choice of positive control(s): no data
- Route of administration: ip
- Doses / concentrations: 0.5 mg/kg in phosphate buffered saline

Examinations

Tissues and cell types examined:

Bone marrow

Details of tissue and slide preparation:

CRITERIA FOR DOSE SELECTION:
Based on a SCE study


DETAILS OF SLIDE PREPARATION:
4 replicate slides were prepared for each animal.
Overnight air-dried smears were fixed for 15 min in absolute methanol and stained by using May-Gruenwald-Giemsa staining technique


METHOD OF ANALYSIS:
No data

Evaluation criteria:

2000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) per animal were scored for the presence of micronuclei (MN).
As measurement of the toxic effect to erythropoietic tissue, the PCE normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratios were calculated by scoring the number of NCE encountered during the screening of the first 1000 PCE.
A PCE (or NCE) with micronucleus, regardless of the number, was counted as one MPCE (or MNCE).

Statistics:

two-tailed Student's t-test to compare MPCE values between treated and control animals.
The Cochran-Armitage two-tailed trend test was used to determine the dose-response relationship.

Results and discussion

Test results

Sex:

male

Genotoxicity:

positive

Toxicity:

yes

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

not specified

Additional information on results:

RESULTS OF RANGE-FINDING STUDY
No range finding, dosing based on a SCE study

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sampling time (h)	Dose (mg/kg)	MPCE / 1000 PCE +/- S.D.^a	PCE/NCE^b
24	0	3.0 +/- 0.3	0.82
	25	4.7 +/- 0.5*	0.69
	50	9.2 +/- 1.7**	0.61
	100	12.5 +/- 1.7**	0.79
48	25	3.9 +/- 0.2	0.82
	50	7.0 +/- 0.5**	1.08
	100	8.3 +/- 0.5**	1.04
72	25	2.8 +/- 0.4	1.33
	50	2.5 +/- 0.4	1.27
	100	3.0 +/- 0.6	1.08
24^c	0	2.4 +/- 0.3	0.85
	25	4.9 +/- 0.4**	0.69
	50	6.9 +/- 0.3**	0.72
	100d	7.9 +/- 0.6**	0.75^e

^aTotal MPCE/10 000 PCE (2 000 PCE were scored for each of 5 animals)

^bBased on 5 000 PCE

^cResult from repeat experiment

^dOnly 4 animals were analyzed

^eBased on 4 000 PCE

* P< 0.05

** P < 0.01

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information): positive
Quinoline induced micronucleus in bone marrow cells of the mice treated by ip injection.

Executive summary:

An in vivo micronucleus test has been performed on mice, treated with quinoline at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg by single ip injection. The animals were sacrificed at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment and the bone marrow was sampled and analysed.

The experiment was repeated with the same concentrations but with a sampling at 24 h only.

In these conditions, quinoline induced micronucleus in the erythrocytes.