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EC number: 208-792-1 | CAS number: 541-73-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: scientifically acceptable and sufficient documented
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Teratogenic potential of inhaled dichlorobenzenes in rats and rabbits
- Author:
- Hayes WC, Hanley TR, Gushow TS, Johnson KA, John JA
- Year:
- 1 985
- Bibliographic source:
- Fundam Appl Toxicol 5, 190-202 (1985)
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- 1,3-dichlorobenzene - Supplement 2008
- Author:
- MAK
- Year:
- 2 013
- Bibliographic source:
- The MAK-collection Part I, MAK Value documentation 2013, DFG, Deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft 2013 Wiley-VCH Verlag gmbH & Co. KGaA
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Ortho-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) and para-dichlorobenzene (PDCB) were evaluated for teratogenic potential in rats (ODCB only) and rabbits. Groups of bred rats and inseminated rabbits were exposed to 0,100,200, or 400 ppm (0.6, 1.2 or 2.4 mg/liter air) of ODCR, groups of inseminated rabbits were exposed to 0, 100, 300, or 800 ppm (0.59, 1.77, and 4.72 mg/liter) of PDCB. Animals were exposed for 6 hr/ day on Days 6 through 15 (rats) or 6 through 18 (rabbits) of gestation.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,2-dichlorobenzene
- EC Number:
- 202-425-9
- EC Name:
- 1,2-dichlorobenzene
- Cas Number:
- 95-50-1
- Molecular formula:
- C6H4Cl2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,2-dichlorobenzene
- Reference substance name:
- 1,4-dichlorobenzene
- EC Number:
- 203-400-5
- EC Name:
- 1,4-dichlorobenzene
- Cas Number:
- 106-46-7
- Molecular formula:
- C6H4Cl2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,4-dichlorobenzene
- Details on test material:
- Ortho-dichlorbenzene was supplied by Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. The test sample was analyzed for chemical purity by gas
chromatography prior to the initiation of the study and was determined to be 98.81% pure.
Para-dichlorobenzene was supplied by The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan. The test sample was analyzed for chemical purity by gas chromatography prior to the initiation of the study and was determined to be 99.9% pure.
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- other: rat and rabbit
- Strain:
- other: Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand White rabbits
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Vehicle:
- air
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on mating procedure:
- Adult virgin female Fisher 344 rats (approximately 175-220 g at breeding) were bred to adult males (one female to one male). The day sperm were found in a vaginal smear was considered Day Zero of gestation. Rabbits (approximately 3.5 to 4.5 kg) were artificially inseminated; the day of artificial insemination was considered Day Zero of gestation.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Animals were exposed for 6 hr/day on Days 6 through 15 (rats) or Days 6 through 18 (rabbits) of gestation.
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily
- Duration of test:
- Test animals were sacrificed by carbon dioxide inhalation on Day 21 of gestation for rats, or Day 29 for rabbits.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Groups of 30 or 32 bred rats and 28 or 30 inseminated rabbits/dose
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
Results and discussion
Results (fetuses)
- Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
- Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects
Effect levels (fetuses)
open allclose all
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- o-dichlorobenzene (teratogenicity rats)
- Effect level:
- 2.4 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: teratogenicity
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- o-dichlorobenzene (fetotoxicity rats)
- Effect level:
- 2.4 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: fetotoxicity
- Remarks on result:
- other: rats - no effects at highest dose
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- o-dichlorobenzene (teratogenicity rabbits)
- Effect level:
- 2.4 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: teratogenicity
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- o-dichlorobenzene (fetotoxicity rabbits)
- Effect level:
- 2.4 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: fetotoxicity
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- p-dichlorobenzene (teratogenicity rabbits)
- Effect level:
- 4.72 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: teratogenicity
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Remarks:
- p-dichlorobenzene (fetotoxicity rabbits)
- Effect level:
- 4.72 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- other: fetotoxicity
Fetal abnormalities
- Abnormalities:
- not specified
Overall developmental toxicity
- Developmental effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Maternal toxicity, as evidenced by a significant decrease in body weight gain, was observed in all groups of ODCB exposed rats and liver weight was significantly increased in the 400-ppm ODCB-exposed group. Slight maternal toxicity was observed in groups of rabbits exposed to 400 ppm ODCB or 800 ppm PDCB as indicated by significantly decreased body weight gain during the first 3 days of exposure. Inhalation of up to 400 ppm (2.4 mg/l) of ODCB was not teratogenic or fetotoxic in rats, and neither ODCB nor PDCB was teratogenic or fetotoxic in rabbits at exposure levels up to 400 or 800 ppm (2.4 or 4.72 mg/l) , respectively.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Ortho-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) and para-dichlorobenzene (PDCB) were evaluated for teratogenic potential in rats (ODCB only) and rabbits. Groups of bred rats and inseminated rabbits were exposed to 0,100,200, or 400 ppm (0.6, 1.2 or 2.4 mg/liter air) of ODCR, groups of inseminated rabbits were exposed to 0, 100, 300, or 800 ppm (0.59, 1.77, and 4.72 mg/liter) of PDCB. Animals were exposed for 6 hr/ day on Days 6 through 15 (rats) or 6 through 18 (rabbits) of gestation.
Maternal toxicity, as evidenced by a significant decrease in body weight gain, was observed in all groups of ODCB exposed rats and liver weight was significantly increased in the 400-ppm ODCB-exposed group. Slight maternal toxicity was observed in groups of rabbits exposed to 400 ppm ODCB or 800 ppm PDCB as indicated by significantly decreased body weight gain during the first 3 days of exposure. Inhalation of up to 400 ppm (2.4 mg/l) of ODCB was not teratogenic or fetotoxic in rats, and neither ODCB nor PDCB was teratogenic or fetotoxic in rabbits at exposure levels up to 400 or 800 ppm (2.4 or 4.72 mg/l) , respectively.
In conclusion, inhalation of ortho- or para-dichlorobenzene vapors was not embryotoxic or teratogenic in rats or rabbits at any of the exposure levels used in this study.
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