Diisodecyl adipate

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions, no GLP, no analytical monitoring

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study was performed according to European standard test guideline, Directive 79/831/EWG, appendix V, part C, stand May 1988.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

- concentration of the stock solution: 200 mg/l
- solubilized in 40 mg/l Cremophor RH 40
- range of test concentration: 0.78 - 100 mg/l

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISMS
- Test organism: Scenedesmus subspicatus CHODAT
- Supplier: Culture Collection of Algae Goettingen, Germany

CULTIVATION
- temperature: 23°C
- photoperiod: permanent lighted
- cultivation water was identical to test water
- stock culture 10000 cells/ml
- cultivation in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- test concentrations nominal (mg/l): 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100

Details on test conditions:

TEST CONDITIONS
- 8 ml test volume filled in glass vessels
- 4 replicates
- 2 control vessels
- test duration 72 hours
- fluorometric measurement after 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours (wave length 435 nm)
- pH control at the end of the test

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

12.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

25 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

72 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

RESULT GROWTH RATE
ErC 10 (72h):    72 mg/l
ErC 50 (72h): > 100 mg/l
ErC 90 (72h): > 100 mg/l

RESULT BIOMASS
EbC 10 (72h):    14 mg/l
EbC 50 (72h): > 100 mg/l
EbC 90 (72h): > 100 mg/l

REMARK
Effect concentration is greater than the solubility of the substance in the test medium.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

24 - 27 Oct 1989

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38412, part 9

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A 500 mg/L stock solution was preparted using 200 mg/L Cremophor as dispersant. After stirring of 17h the test solution was still an emulsion. This emulsion was tested.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Cremophor
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): 200 mg/L
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): Test solutions were emulsions.

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISMS
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Method of cultivation: temperature: 20°C, stock culture 10000 cells/mL, cultivation in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, test volume 100 mL

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test temperature:

20 °C

pH:

not specified

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 7.812, 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Fill volume: 10 mL
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4

GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes (OECD medium)

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: not specified
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Biomass was recorded after 0, 24, 48 and 72h exposure time.
- Determination of cell concentrations: fluorimeter

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC20

Effect conc.:

398.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Details on results:

- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

A 72h acute toxicity test with Scenedesmus subspicatus revealed that DEHA is not acutely harmful to freshwater algae up to the saturation limit in water.

Executive summary:

The study was performed according to DIN guideline 38412, part 9 using Scenedesmus subspicatus as test organism. A 500 mg/L stock solution was preparted using 200 mg/L Cremophor as dispersant. After stirring of 17h the test solution was still an emulsion. This emulsion was tested. Nominal test concentrations between 7.8 and 500 mg/L were tested. The 72h-EC50 value is determined to be > 500 mg/L. An 72h-EC20 value is determined to be 398.6 mg/L. Since the effect concentration is greater than the solubility of DEHA in the test medium, it can be concluded that DEHA is not harmful to freshwater algae up to the saturation limit in water.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

Please see Section 13 below.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC20

Effect conc.:

398.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Reference 4

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

Please see Section 13 below.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

12.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

25 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

72 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Description of key information

No relevant studies are available for diisodecyl adipate.

Two long-term Daphnia toxicity studies are available for closely related, read-across substances:

The study with read-across substance, bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (CAS 103-23-1, DEHA), was performed according to DIN guideline 38412, part 9 using Scenedesmus subspicatus as test organism. A 500 mg/L stock solution was prepared using 200 mg/L Cremophor as dispersant. After stirring of 17h the test solution was still an emulsion. This emulsion was tested. Nominal test concentrations between 7.8 and 500 mg/L were tested. The 72h-EC50 value is determined to be > 500 mg/L. A 72h-EC20 value is determined to be 398.6 mg/L. Since the effect concentration is greater than the solubility of DEHA in the test medium, it can be concluded that DEHA is not harmful to freshwater algae up to the saturation limit in water.

The test with Diisononyl adipate (CAS 33703-08-1) was conducted under static conditions similar to OECD 211 using Desmodesmus subspicatus as test organism (BASF, 1990).Cremophor RH 40 was used as vehicle at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Test concentrations of 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/L were applied.The EC50/EC10 (72h) was calculated as > 100/72 mg/L (nominal), based on growth rate.