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EC number: 203-808-3 | CAS number: 110-85-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 997
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- absorption
- distribution
- excretion
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 14C-piperazine dihydrochloride as aqueous solution was administered as single dose by gavage.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Piperazine
- EC Number:
- 203-808-3
- EC Name:
- Piperazine
- Cas Number:
- 110-85-0
- Molecular formula:
- C4H10N2
- IUPAC Name:
- piperazine
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- piperazine dihydrochloride / 142-64-3 / 205-551-2 was used.
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- pig
- Sex:
- male/female
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
Doses / concentrations
- Dose / conc.:
- 300 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- 2 male/2 female
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- The excretion of radiolabeled material in urine and feaces was followed for up to 7 days in two animals, and two were sacrificed 12 and 24 h after dosing for determination of radiolabel in liver, kidney, muscle, fat and skin. By means of TLC, HPLC and LC-MS attempts were made to characterise the labelled material present in urine, feaces and tissue.
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Peak plasma concentrations were attained 1 h after administration, followed by rapid disappearence from the blood.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- The highest activity was found in kidneys and liver. Elimination of the activity in the kidney was rapid, with only 3% remaining of the 12h value post dosing. The elimination from the liver, skeleton, muscle, fat and skin was considerably slower with 10, 11, 24, 25% respectively remaining after 7 days in comparison with the 12 h levels
- Details on excretion:
- 56% of the total activity was eliminated via the urine during 7 days, out of which 46% was excreted in the first 24h. During the time of observation, 16% was excreted in feaces, while; again, most of the dose, 8%, was eliminated during the first 24h.
When residues present in cage debris and washes are also included, after 7 days about one fourth of the totally administered amount can be considered as still retained in the body.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- In the urine collected 0-24 hours, 82-83% co-chromatographed with piperazine in HPLC or TLC. By the use of LC-MS for the radioactive residues found in tissue, the validity of the results from the chromatographic analysis could be confirmed. The nature of the labeled conversion products derived from piperazine was not determined, and the proportion of such metabolites in the urine increased with time to reach about 40-50% of the remaining activity in the 144-168 hour urine. In the kidney the fraction unidentified metabolites increased from about 20% at 12 hours post dosing to 80-90% of the remaining activity at 96 hours post dosing. Since carbon dioxide in exhaled air was not collected, minor metabolic conversion of piperazine to
this metabolic end product cannot be excluded.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Low bioaccumulation potential based on study results.
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