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EC number: 203-808-3 | CAS number: 110-85-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Das Hirnstrombild vor und nach Kurzzeitbehandlung der Enterobiasis mit Piperazinderivaten.
- Author:
- Padelt B, Bruhn B, Nicolai A
- Year:
- 1 966
- Bibliographic source:
- Pediatr. Grenzgeb 5: 1-9
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- clinical case study
- Endpoint addressed:
- acute toxicity: oral
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- EEG was measured in children administered piperazine.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Piperazine
- EC Number:
- 203-808-3
- EC Name:
- Piperazine
- Cas Number:
- 110-85-0
- Molecular formula:
- C4H10N2
- IUPAC Name:
- piperazine
Constituent 1
Method
- Type of population:
- other: children
- Ethical approval:
- not specified
- Route of exposure:
- oral
- Reason of exposure:
- other: medical treatment
- Details on exposure:
- Piperazine has been used as an antihelmintic agent. 89 children that were adminitered doses of 90 -130 mg/kg piperazine in two doses during one day, were studied by EEG one day after treatment.
Results and discussion
- Clinical signs:
- No clinical signs
- Results of examinations:
- Results of examinations
16 of 89: no EEG changes
40 of 89: minor changes, within the normal range for age
33 of 89: Clear EEG changes, either epileptiform or increase in low-frequency waves.
in 16 of 89 also hyperventilation - provocation: in 13 of 16 clear increase in low-frequency waves and voltage increase. Allegedly no relationship with the type or seriousness of preceding infectious disease could be established.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Based on this report a LOAEL of 110 mg/kg for neurotoxicity in humans is proposed.
- Executive summary:
Piperazine has been used as an antihelmintic agent. 89 children that were adminitered doses of 90 -130 mg/kg piperazine in two doses during one day, were studied by EEG one day after treatment. In 33 of 89 children there were clear EEG changes, either epileptiform or increase in low-frequency waves. Based on this report a LOAEL of 110 mg/kg for neurotoxicity in humans is proposed.
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