1,4-dimethylpiperazine

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

July 1992

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1.4-Dimethylpiperazine
- Lot/batch No.: Abl.-Nr. 32-1659
- Analytical purity: 99.7 %

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature, under nitrogen
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in water: miscible up to 10 g/L

TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: no

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 0, 21.5, 46.4, 100, 215, 464, 1000 mg/L
- Sampling method: after 1 and 96 h (due to 100% mortality, the concentration 1000 mg/L was analysed only after 1 h)

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test solutions were prepared separately for each concentration. The test substance was added to the test water and dissolved using an ultra turrax stirrer.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Source: Charles River Aquatics, Someren; Netherlands
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): about 8 month
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 2.75 cm (range 2.2 - 3.1 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.183 g (range 0.12 - 0.26 g)
- Feeding during test: 1 day before and during exposure


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: "TETRA MIN" standard feed for aquarium fish, TETRA - WERKE, Mell, Germany and on workdays generally additionally live artemia; ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no mortality observed

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/l

Test temperature:

22 °C

pH:

8.1 - 8.8

Dissolved oxygen:

7.6 - 8.5 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations (mg/L): control, 21.5, 46.4, 100, 215, 464 and 1000

Analytically determined concentrations (mg/L):
after 1 hour:
20, 43, 101, 212, 465, 1050
92.72 - 105. % of nominal
after 96 hours:
18.9, 42.2, 94.9, 213.3, 450.4
87.9 - 99.2 % of nominal

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Test vessel: All-glass aquaria (30 x 22 x 24 cm)
- Fill volume: 10 L
- Aeration: slight
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.2 g fish/liter test water


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: municipal water, not chlorinated and passed through a charcoal filter, aerated
- Alkalinity: no data (acid capacity: 5.5 mmol/L)
- Ca/Mg ratio: 9/1 (90 / 10 mg/L)
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: regularly


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h darkness


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mortality and symptoms of intoxication after 0, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: LC 50 after 96 h: between 1.0 and 100 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

94.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Remarks:

analytically verified

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

Confidence limits: 6.9 - 685.4%

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Nominal conc.(mg/l)	Mortality (cumulated) after
	1 h	4 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0
21.5	0	0	0	0	1	2
46.4	0	0	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0	2	4
215	0	0	0	7	9	9
464	0	2	10	10	10	10
1000	10	10	10	10	10	10

 

Nominal conc.(mg/l)	Symptoms after
	1 h	4 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Control	-	-	-	-	-	-
21.5	-	-	-	-	-	-
46.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
100	-	-	-	A (10)	A (8)	A (6)
215	-	-	A (10)	A (3)	A (1)	A (1)
464	A (10)	A (8)	x	x	x	x
1000	x	x	x	x	x	x

 A - apathy

 

Nominal conc.(mg/l)	pH value after
	1 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Control	8.3	8.3	8.2	8.2	8.2
21.5	8.4	8.3	8.2	8.2	8.2
46.4	8.4	8.2	8.1	8.1	8.1
100	8.4	8.2	8.1	8.1	8.1
215	8.6	8.4	8.2	8.2	8.2
464	8.7	8.5
1000	8.8

 

Nominal conc.(mg/l)	Oxygen content (mg/l) after
	1 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Control	8.5	8.5	8.4	8.3	8.4
21.5	8.3	8.1	8.1	8.3	8.5
46.4	8.4	7.9	7.6	8.0	8.4
100	8.2	7.9	7.6	8.1	8.2
215	8.4	8.0	8.1	8.2	8.4
464	8.4	8.0
1000	8.4

 

Nominal conc. (mg/L)	Analytically detected concentrations after
	1 h (mg/L)	1 h (% of nominal)	96 h (mg/L)	96 h (% of nominal)
Control	< 5	-	< 4	-
21.5	20	93.0	18.9	87.9
46.4	43	92.7	42.2	90.9
100	101	101.0	94.9	94.9
215	212	98.6	213.3	99.2
464	465	100.2	450.4	97.1
1000	1020	105.0	-	-

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Description of key information

The key value was derived from a study performed under GLP conditions and according to OECD 203 and EU Method C.1. An LC50 was found for Zebrafish (Danio rerio) of 94.6 mg/L after an exposure of 96 hours in a static test. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect concentration:

94.6 mg/L

Additional information

One study investigating the acute toxicity on fish was available and selected as key study (BASF, 1998). Zebra fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to the test substance during 96 hours in a static test. The tested concentrations were: 0, 21.5, 46.4, 100, 215, 464 and 1000 mg/l. Mortality occurred first at a concentration of 21.5 mg/1 (20% after 96 hours, no symptoms of distress). Considering that in the 46.4 mg/L concentration no mortality and no symptoms of distress were observed, the mortality in the 21.5 mg/L concentration is probably not due to effects caused by the test substance. The 96 -h LC50 was determined to be 94.6 mg/l based on mortality.