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EC number: 201-245-8 | CAS number: 80-05-7 Bisphenol A; BPA
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Oral studies in rats and mice have shown that the repeated dose toxicity of Bisphenol A involves effects on bodyweight gain, liver and kidney. The starting point for the human risk assessment is a BMDL10 for mean relative kidney weight of 8.9 mg/kg/day for systemic toxicity. In rats exposed daily to airborne Bisphenol A for 13 weeks there was a NOAEC of 10 mg/m3, with mild olfactory epithelium inflammation at 50 and 150 mg/m3. There was no evidence of systemic toxicity in this study.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- mouse
- Quality of whole database:
- Comprehensive sub-acute to chronic studies, including multi-generation studies are available in rats and mice.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 150 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- There is a comprehensive sub-chronic inhalation toxicity study available. Comprehensive sub-acute to chronic oral studies, including multi-generation studies are available in rats and mice.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 10 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- There is a comprehensive sub-chronic inhalation toxicity study available. Comprehensive sub-acute to chronic oral studies, including multi-generation studies are available in rats and mice.
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
The 2003 EU RAR concluded:
"No useful information on the effects of repeated exposure to Bisphenol A in humans is available, but experimental studies in rats, mice, and dogs are available. In rat inhalation studies, the principal effect of repeated exposure was the same as observed following a single exposure: slight upper respiratory tract epithelium inflammation, with a NOAEC of 10 mg/m3and a LOAEC of 50 mg/m3. Dietary studies in rats have reported reductions in reproductive organ weights and testicular toxicity at 235 mg/kg and a NOAEL of 74 mg/kg was established in a two-year study based on marginal effects on body weight gain at the next dose level of 148 mg/kg. In mice, the LOAELs of 120 mg/kg in males for multinuclear giant hepatocytes and 650 mg/kg in females for a reduction in body weight gain of unknown magnitude were identifed in a two-year study. There are no animal data available for repeated dermal exposure."
The 2008 updated EU RAR concluded:
"Oral studies in rats and mice have shown that the repeated dose toxicity of Bisphenol A involve[s] effects on bodyweight gain, liver and kidney. A NOAEL of 50 mg/kg/day has been identified in a recent 2-generation study in mice for these effects. This NOAEL rather than the original NOAEL of 120 mg/kg/day for liver effects from the published report is taken forward to the risk characterisation."
In 2014 SCOEL published a Recommendation on Bisphenol A:
“To establish a recommended occupational exposure limit (OEL), SCOEL began by considering the available data relating to inhalation exposure. In rats exposed daily to airborne Bisphenol A for 13 weeks there was a NOAEC of 10 mg/m3, with mild olfactoryepithelium inflammation at 50 and 150 mg/m3. There was no evidence of systemic toxicity in this study (Nitschke 1988).”
EFSA reevaluated Bisphenol A and published a Scientific Opinion in 2015:
“Bisphenol A was found to affect kidney and liver weight in parental animals and in all the generations of rats and mice examined in multi-generation studies. These effects were considered by EFSA (2006, 2010) as relevant systemic effects for the identification of a NOAEL. In mice the increased kidney weight was associated with nephropathy at the highest Bisphenol A dose. Liver weight was increased in rats (relative weight) and mice (both absolute and relative weight). The latter species also showed hepatocellular hypertrophy. The CEF Panel considered the endpoint “general toxicity” for hazard characterisation, using a reference point from the two-generation study in mice, which provided a BMDL10 for mean relative kidney weight of 8 960 μg/kg bw per day in male mice of the F0 generation.”
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity via oral
route - systemic effects endpoint:
Study was selected by EFSA in 2015 as a starting point for TDI
calculation
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity inhalation -
systemic effects endpoint:
Study was selected by SCOEL in 2014 as a starting point for TWA
calculation
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity inhalation -
local effects endpoint:
Study was selected by SCOEL in 2014 as a starting point for TWA
calculation
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects (target
organ) digestive: liver; urogenital: kidneys
Justification for classification or non-classification
Bisphenol A is included in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. No classification regarding repeated dose toxicity is required.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.

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