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Environmental fate & pathways

Adsorption / desorption

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Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
yes
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
soil
Radiolabelling:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
636 - 931
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.8 - 2.97

Results of preliminary test #1:

Adsorption rates were a function of the soil concentration tested, ranging from 54.7 to 88.5% of applied radioactivity (AR). The lowest soil concentration was used for the second preliminary test.

Results of preliminary test #2:

BPA concentrations declined over the 72h test duration. Thus, the effect of the use of the biocide HgCl2 on BPA stability was investigated.

Results of preliminary test #3:

HgCl2 stabilized BPA concentrations over 72h in three of the four soil types. Thus, HgCl2 was used in the definitive test.

Results of the definitive test:

Freundlich coefficients for the adsorption of 14C-BPA on four soil types -

Soil 1/n Kd Koc R2

I 0.7719 12.57 930.9 0.9999

II 0.8525 6.934 636.1 0.9997

III 0.7019 17.12 811.2 0.9999

IV 0.8414 7.409 805.3 0.9999

Average values 11.01 795.9

Koc values (Kd values/OC) ranged from 636.1 to 930.9 L/kg and averaged 795.9 L/kg. A regression of soil organic carbon and Kd values yielded an R-squared value of 0.915.

Executive summary:

Across four soil types (organic carbon ranged from 0.92 to 2.11%), equilibrium Koc values ranged from 636 to 931 L/kg, averaging 796 L/kg.

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
soil
Radiolabelling:
yes
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
890
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.95
Adsorption and desorption constants:
Adsorption Koc = 890 L/kg
Desorption Koc = 1090 L/kg

Batch sorption tests:

Adsorption Koc = 890 L/kg

Desorption Koc = 1090 L/kg

Dialysis tests:

Kdoc (16 h) = 900+- 80 L/kg (absolute deviation from mean)

Kdoc (23 h) = 850+-30 L/kg

Kdoc (41 h) = 860+-70 L/kg

The amount and kind of dissolved organic matter added to test solutions did not significantly change the Koc values. Results suggest similar binding mechanisms for soil and dissolved organic matter.

Executive summary:

Koc was determined to 890 L/kg.

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
other: aquifer material
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
778
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.89

Data were plotted but individual data points were not given.

The sorption coefficient Kd (at the intercept) was 3.89 (L/kg) and the Freundlich coefficient was 0.85 (r2 = 0.93). With an organic C content of 0.5% (foc = 0.005), Koc was 778 L/kg.

A retardation factor (Rf) for transport of BPA in groundwater was calculated: Rf = 1 + B/P Kd, where B = bulk density (1.4 g/cm3), P = porosity of aquifer material (0.45 cm3/cm3), Kd was the lowest individual Kd value measured (2.25 L/kg).

An Rf of 8 (dimensionless) was calculated. This result means that BPA would be transported at one eighth (1/8) the velocity of the groundwater velocity.

Executive summary:

Koc was determined to 778 L/kg.

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
soil
Radiolabelling:
no
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
251 - 1 507
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.4 - 3.18

SOIL PARTITION COEFFICIENTS (KD and KOC, L/KG):

Roseworthy Campus (RC): 
Kd = 11; Koc = 881

Roseworthy Farm (RF):
Kd = 2; Koc = 251

Terretfield (TF):
Kd = 22; Koc = 1210

Waite Campus (WT):
Kd = 44; Koc = 1507

Executive summary:

Across four soil types, equilibrium Koc values ranged from 251 to 1507 L/kg.

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Lack of full experimental details.
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
soil
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
335 - 703
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.525 - 2.847

Sorption was almost completely reversible for three of the four soils, the exception being the surface soil with the highest organic carbon content, 9.3 g/kg.

Executive summary:

Across four soil types, equilibrium Koc values ranged from 335 to 703 L/kg.

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Lack of full experimental details and results.
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
sediment
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Type:
Koc
Value:
305
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.484

The data were best fit with the Freundlich model. Sorption was reversible with most sediments. The pH of the solutions had a small effect on sorption. The average Koc value was 305 L/kg.

Executive summary:

Koc was determined to 305 L/kg.

Description of key information

The soil sorption organic carbon normalised partition coefficient values (Koc) of Bisphenol A range from 251 to 1507 L/kg, averaging 750 +/- 348 L/kg.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Koc at 20 °C:
750

Additional information