Dinitrotoluene

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test procedure according to a national proposed method. (In OECD SIDS: RL1, statement: "Reported in sufficient detail")

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Damaging effects of environmental chemicals in the Daphnia reproduction test as a basis for evaluation of environmental hazard in aquatic systems

Author:

Kuehn, R. et al.

Year:

1988

Bibliographic source:

UFOPLAN No. 106 03 052

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Results of the harmful effects of water pollutants to Daphnia magna in the 21 day reproduction test

Author:

Kuehn, R. et al.

Year:

1989

Bibliographic source:

Water Res. 23 (4), 501-510

Reference 3

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Dinitrotoluene (isomers mixture), CAS No.: 25321-14-6

Author:

OECD SIDS

Year:

2004

Bibliographic source:

UNEP publications

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study was conducted in accordance with "Proposed preliminary testing method: Prolonged toxicity test on Daphnia magna - determination of NOEC for reproduction rate, mortality, and time of the first appearance of offspring, 21 d - as of 1 January 1984, published as "recommendations of the Federal Environmental Agency for the performance of testing according to § 5, para. 1, No. 3 of the regulations on documents to be submitted and evidence of testing under the chemicals act".

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2,4-dinitrotoluene

EC Number:

204-450-0

EC Name:

2,4-dinitrotoluene

Cas Number:

121-14-2

Molecular formula:

C7H6N2O4

IUPAC Name:

1-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

2,6-dinitrotoluene

EC Number:

210-106-0

EC Name:

2,6-dinitrotoluene

Cas Number:

606-20-2

Molecular formula:

C7H6N2O4

IUPAC Name:

2-methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2,4-DNT (moistened with 10% water) and 2,6-DNT (moistened with 10% water)
- Analytical purity: no data

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: IRCHA
- Feeding during test
- Food type: tetramin fish feed and actiavted sludge
- Amount: COD = 15-20 mg/L
- Frequency: daily

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test conditions

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/L Ca + Mg

Test temperature:

25+/-1°C

pH:

8

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0.16-20 mg/L (2,4-Dinitrotoluene), dilution ratio 1:2
0.02-2.5 mg/L (2,6-Dinitrotoluene), dilution ratio 1:2

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 400 mL beaker with 250 mL medium
- Test vessel: open (2,4-DNT), closed (2,6-DNT)
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 48 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Artificial medium (DIN 38412, Part II, 1982)
- Na/K Ratio: 10:1
- pH-values and oxygen-concentration were measured during the test in two tests-vessels per concentration level. The detected variation of these
parameters had no negative influence on the organisms.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: light from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m.
- Light intensity: fluorscent lamps, Philips TL 40/25W

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.04 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Test substance: 2,4-DNT

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.02 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Test substance: 2,4-DNT; Estimation based on the recovery rates of higher tested concentrations (detection limit for 2,4-DNT: 0.05 mg/L

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.16 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: mortality and reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Test substance: 2,6-DNT

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.06 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: mortality and reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Test substance: 2,6-DNT; Estimation based on the recovery rates of higher tested concentrations (detection limit for 2,6-DNT: 0.16 mg/L

Any other information on results incl. tables

Analytical monitoring was performed. But as the NOECs were below the detection limits, the actual concentrations could not be determined. Therefore due to recovery experiments a minimum NOEC was estimated.