2-furoic acid

PBT assessment

PBT assessment: overall result

Reference

Name:

2-Furoic Acid

Type of composition:

legal entity composition of the substance

State / form:

solid: particulate/powder

Reference substance:

2-Furoic Acid

PBT status:

the substance is not PBT / vPvB

Justification:

Classification of 2-furoic acid for effects in the environment:

 

The chemical 2-furoic acid (CAS no. 88-14-2) is used as a preservative, bactericide, furoates for perfume and flavoring, fumigant, textile processing and also used as a chemical intermediate.The aim was to assess whether the PBT criterion within Annex XIII was fulfilled for2-furoic acid. The PBT criterion was herein assessed based on experimental data in conjunction with standardized environmental fate models. Here follows a description of the PBT assessment.

 

Persistence assessment

The tested substance does not fulfil the P criterion within Annex XIII based on the assessment that here follows:

 

Biotic degradation

Various experimental biodegradation studies (including study as per OECD TG 301 D) of the target chemical 2-furoic acid (CAS no. 88-14-2) were conducted to determine the ready biodegradability of test chemical. On the basis of theoverall study results, the percentage degradation of the chemical was evaluated to be 95.31% to 100% after 28 days, which indicates thatchemical2-furoic acidwas considered to be readily biodegradable in water and thus likely to be not persistent (not P) in nature.

 

Bioaccumulation assessment

The tested substance does not fulfil the B criterion within Annex XIII based on the assessment that here follows:

 

The octanol water partition coefficient of the test chemical was determined to be 0.628 ± 0.021 at 25°Cas per the OECD guideline no. 117 & from other reliable sources, it was evaluated to be ranges from 0.6 to 1.63, respectively, which is less than the threshold of 4.5. If this chemical is released into the aquatic environment, there should be a low risk for the chemical to bioaccumulate in fish and food chains.

 

Toxicity assessment

The tested substance does not fulfil the T criterion within Annex XIII based on the assessment that here follows:

 

Mammals

The tested chemical is regarded to be not classified for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and reprotoxicity, Further, there is no evidence of chronic toxicity, as identified by the classifications STOT (repeated exposure), category 1(oral, dermal, inhalation of gases/vapours, inhalation of dust/mist/fume) or category 2 (oral, dermal, inhalation of gases/vapours, inhalation of dust/mist/fume).

 

Aquatic organisms

All of the available short-term eco-toxicity data for fish, invertebrate and algae for the substance2-furoic acidindicates the LC50/EC50 value to be in the range 50 mg/l to > 200 mg/L, respectively. These value suggest that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical substance2-furoic acidis likely to be not hazardous to aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be ‘Not classified’ as per the CLP regulation.

 

There are no available long-term toxicity evaluations forchemical2-furoic acid. By speculation, long-term NOEC for aquatic organisms were not expected for the substance at concentration below 0.01 mg/L based on the data mentioned above.

 

The chemical was therefore not considered as hazardous to aquatic environments as per the criteria set out in Annex XIII.

 

Conclusion

Based on critical, independent and collective evaluation of information summarized herein, the tested compound does not fulfil the P, B and T criterion and has therefore not been classified as a PBT compound within Annex XIII.