(octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenediyl)bis(methylene) bismethacrylate

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

02 March 2020 - 04 March 2020

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2020

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)

Version / remarks:

09 October 2017

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenediyl)bis(methylene) bismethacrylate

EC Number:

256-062-6

EC Name:

(octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenediyl)bis(methylene) bismethacrylate

Cas Number:

43048-08-4

Molecular formula:

C20H28O4

IUPAC Name:

(8-{[(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)oxy]methyl}tricyclo[5.2.1.0²,⁶]decan-4-yl)methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate

Test material form:

liquid

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

other: bovine cattle (Bos Taurus)

Strain:

other: not applicable

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

- Origin: bovine eyes were obtained from freshly slaughtered cattle at the abattoir of EVA, Saint Pierre-sur-Dives, France.
- Age: as French Authorities avoid the use of any organs from the head of bovines aged more than 12 months, bovine cattle were up to 12 months old (typically, 5 to 8 months old).
- Reason for choice: bovine corneas are recommended by Regulatory Authorities for this type of study. They are adapted for the evaluation of potential ocular irritants since they are part of the target organ.
- Transport from Supplier to Charles River Laboratories Evreux: the eyes were immerged in containers filled with cooled buffered Hanks medium and placed into a cooling-box with a sufficient amount of ice packs to ensure cooling until arrival at Charles River Laboratories Evreux. Containers with smooth internal surfaces were used for the transport to avoid damage to the corneas. Hank’s medium contained an antibiotic [Hank’s Balanced Salts Solution (HBSS) plus penicillin/streptomycin (100 units/100 µg/mL final)].

Upon arrival at Charles River Laboratories Evreux, the selection and preparation of corneas was performed as soon as possible. At each step of the preparation procedure, care was taken to avoid touching the corneas in order not to damage them.

- Selection: a careful macroscopic examination was performed on all eyes to detect the presence of any defects (opacity, scratches, pigmentation, etc). Any eyes with defects were discarded. The examination was performed under a lamp, using HBSS in order to keep the eyes moistened and shiny. Particular attention was paid to the corneas and the eyes were swivelled in order to observe the fringe areas and any scratches directly under the light.
- Preparation of the selected corneas: the tissues surrounding the eyeball were carefully pulled away and the cornea, surrounded by approximately 2 to 3 mm of sclera, was dissected out. The isolated corneas were stored in HBSS until all corneas had been prepared. The corneas were used immediately.

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 750 µL per cornea
- Concentration: undiluted

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Exposure period of 10 minutes (± 30 seconds), followed by rinsing

Observation period (in vivo):

Not applicable

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

2 hours (± 10 minutes)

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

Triplicate corneas for each tested substance (test item, negative control, positive control)

Details on study design:

EYES SELECTION
The corneas were carefully examined macroscopically before their assembly in the holders, in order to detect the presence of any defects. Any eyes with defects were discarded. The corneas were then mounted in the corneal holders with the endothelial side against the O-ring of the posterior chamber. Each cornea was identified with the corresponding holder number. After pre-incubation, corneas that showed any macroscopic defect or an opacity value over 7 were discarded.

TREATMENT
The corneas from the same series were always processed in the same order at each step. The medium of the anterior chamber was removed and each item was applied onto the epithelium of the cornea for 10 minutes in a water bath at +32°C (± 1°C).

RINSING
The purpose of rinsing was to eliminate as much items as possible, while taking care not to damage the corneas. On completion of the treatment period, items were removed from the front opening of the anterior chamber (open-chamber method) and the epithelium was rinsed as follows:
- corneas were rinsed at least three times with pre-warmed cMEM containing phenol red (i.e. six times for corneas treated with the test item), until item had been completely removed from the chamber or until the phenol red was not discoloured),
- any residual amount of test item, adhering to the walls of the anterior chamber, was removed first with a cotton bud and then using a pipette of heated cMEM (32°C),
- then, all corneas were finally rinsed with pre-warmed cMEM without phenol red.
While some difficulties were encountered in rinsing corneas treated with the test item, no more residual amount of test item was finally noted on corneas at completion of the rinsing step.

SCORING SYSTEM
- Opacity
An opacitometer was used to measure light transmission (i.e. the level of opacity) through the center of each mounted cornea.
The average change in opacity for the corneas treated with the negative control was calculated and this value was subtracted from the change in opacity for each cornea treated with the test item or the positive control to obtain a corrected opacity value (cOPT). When the average change in opacity for the corneas treated with the negative control was negative, it is considered equal to 0. The mean cOPT value of each series of three corneas was calculated from the individual corrected opacity values.

- Permeability
After the second opacity measurement, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and the anterior chamber received 1 mL of a fluorescein solution (4 mg/mL). The holders were then incubated vertically in a water bath at +32°C (± 1°C) for 90 minutes (± 5 minutes). At the end of incubation, the maximum volume of cMEM recoverable from the posterior chamber of each holder was transferred into an identified tube.

The corrected OD490 nm (cOD490 nm) value (i.e. permeability) for each cornea treated with the test item or the positive control was calculated by subtracting the average negative control cornea OD490nm value from the original OD490 nm value of each cornea. When the negative control cornea OD490 nm value was negative, it is considered equal to 0. The mean cOD490 nm value of each series of three corneas was calculated from the individual cOD490 nm values.

- Scoring
In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) = cOPT + (15 x cOD490 nm)

The IVIS was calculated for each test item and positive control-treated cornea. When the cOD490 nm value was negative, it is considered equal to 0.

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

1

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Other effects / acceptance of results:

OTHER EFFECTS (macroscopic examination):
No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on the corneas treated with the negative control or the test item.
Opacity, fluorescein fixation and thickening of the corneas were observed on all those treated with the positive control.

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA:
For the validation of an experiment, the following criteria had to be fulfilled:
. the mean In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) of the positive control corneas should fall within two standard deviations of the historical mean,
. the mean opacity and mean OD490 nm of the negative control corneas should be less than the established upper limit of historical mean.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

not eye irritating

Conclusions:

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item was identified as not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).

Executive summary:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential irritant and corrosive properties of the test item to the eye. The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method can identify chemicals inducing serious eye damage and chemicals not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage.

The design of this study was based on the OECD Guideline 437 and the study was performed in compliance with Charles River Laboratories Evreux’s standard operating procedures and with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice.

Method

Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered calves were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of the corneal holder were filled with complemented MEM culture media (cMEM) and pre-incubated for 1 hour and 5 minutes at +32°C. A single experiment was performed using three corneas for each treated series (test item, positive control and negative control). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed on each cornea using an opacitometer. The test item and both negative and positive controls were applied undiluted using a treatment time of 10 minutes and the closed-chamber treatment method. At completion of the treatment period, all items were removed from the front opening of the anterior chamber and the epithelia were rinsed. The corneas were then incubated for 2 hours at +32°C before a second opacity measurement was performed. After the second opacity measurement, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and filled with a fluoresce in solution. The holders were then incubated vertically for 90 minutes at +32°C. At the end of the incubation period, the Optical Density of the solution from the posterior chamber of each holder was measured in order to determine the permeability of the cornea. Each cornea was then observed for opaque spots and other irregularities.

Results

Macroscopic examination

No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on the three test item-treated corneas.

In Vitro Irritancy Score

All acceptance criteria were fulfilled. The study was therefore considered as valid.

The mean In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) of the test item-treated corneas was: 1.

As the test item induced a mean IVIS < 3, the test item was considered as a test chemical not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).

Conclusion

Under the experimental conditions of this study, the test item was identified as not requiring classification for eye irritation or serious eye damage (UN GHS No Category).