Nitrobenzene

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Acceptable study, which meets basic scientific principles. Method followed OECD guideline.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Toxicity, biodegradability, and accumulation of a number of CI/N-containing compounds for classification and establishing Water Quality Criteria

Author:

Canton JH et al.

Year:

1985

Bibliographic source:

Reg Toxicol Pharm 5: 123-131

Report date:

1985

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Toxicity and Accumulation Studies of Cadmium with Freshwater Organisms of Different Trophic Levels

Author:

Canton JH and Slooff W

Year:

1982

Bibliographic source:

Ecotox. Environ. Safety 6:113-128

Reference 3

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

European Union Risk Assessment Report, Nitrobenzene, CAS No: 98-95-3

Author:

European Chemicals Bureau

Year:

2007

Bibliographic source:

3rd Priority List, Volume: 77

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: according to OECD proposal, 1979

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Additional details on test procedure not given in Canton et al. (1985) are given in Canton and Slooff (1982) referenced above. Procedures were conductedin accordance with proposed OECD guideline of 1979; however, additional details are not available on exposure concentrations, geometric, spacing thereof, or replication of exposures.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Nitrobenzene

EC Number:

202-716-0

EC Name:

Nitrobenzene

Cas Number:

98-95-3

Molecular formula:

C6H5NO2

IUPAC Name:

nitrobenzene

Details on test material:

Substance obtained from Fluka, with purity determined to be > 99.9% by gas chromatography.

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
not applicable

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

In a preliminary test, loss of the test substance from test medium (open vessel) was determined after 1, 2, 4, and 8 days. Recovery of the test substance was 96% after 48 hrs., and 92% after 96 hrs. Therefore, static exposure conditions were determined to be sufficient for the 48 hr. exposure to D. magna, and additional analytical verification was not deemed necessary.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <=24h

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

not applicable

Test conditions

Hardness:

2 mM as CaCO3 (Dutch Standard Water, DSW), containing:
100 mg/L NaHCO3
200 mg/L CaCL2*2H2O
20 mg/L KHCO3
180 mg/L MgSO4*7H2O
as described in Canton and Slooff, 1982

Test temperature:

19 °C

pH:

Not reported

Dissolved oxygen:

Not reported. The static exposures were open to atmosphere without aeration.

Salinity:

Freshwater (formulated as described above)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Exposure concentrations, and geometric spacing thereof, are not given in the report. However, reported effect concentrations are corrected for recovery (96%) demonstrated for test substance determined in preliminary experiment.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

35 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

62 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Not available

Any other information on results incl. tables

Reported effect concentrations (EC50 and LC50) corrected for recovery of test substance (96%) determined after 48 hrs. in preliminary recovery experiment.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

Guideline test

Conclusions:

The 48 hr. EC50 with Daphnia magna is 35 mg/L
The 48 hr LC50 with Daphnica magna is 62 mg/L