2-Chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Control: in the freshly prepared medium on November 08, 2004; November 09, 2004; November 10, 2004 and November 11,2004; in the medium after 24 h of exposure: on November 09, 2004; November 10, 2004; November 11, 2004 and November 12, 2004
Test concentrations: in the freshly prepared medium: on November 08, 2004; November 09, 2004; November 10, 2004 and November 11, 2004; in the medium after 24 h of exposure: on November 09, 2004; November 10, 2004; November 11, 2004 and November 12, 2004

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

A stock solution was prepared daily to give the desired series of test concentrations and treated for 1 hour in an ultrasonic bath and afterwards stirred for 24 hours on a magnetic stirrer.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

- Name: Zebra fish (Danio rerio)
- Source: Aqua KlöGer (Germany)
- Date of birth: --
- Date supplied: June 17, 2004
- Acclimatisation: Stock held since June 17, 2004 and acclimatised to the test conditions since then.
- Temperature 20 - 24°C
- Dissolved oxygen: < 5 mg/L
- Feeding: Commercial fish food, daily; discontinued 24 h prior to test
- Mortalities during acclimatisation period: < 5 %
- Medication: none
- Mean standard length (n = 60): 3.80cm (S.D. = 0.28 cm)

Holding and dilution water
Reconstituted water prepared according to the recommendations of ISO 7346. This freshly prepared standard dilution water is used for both, the maintenance of the test animals under flow-through conditions and the preparation of stock and test solutions of the test item.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

15.4 °dH

Test temperature:

20.6 - 22.0°C

pH:

7.2 - 8.7

Dissolved oxygen:

7.5 - 8.7 mgO2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal [mg/L]: 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0
The recovery rates ranged from 85.5 - 101.7% of nominal values in the freshly prepared medium and from 63.0 - 96.3% of nominal values after 24 hours of exposure

Details on test conditions:

Exposure conditions
- Test vessels: glass aquaria holding 5 L of test media
- Experimental design: 5 test concentrations plus 1 control, 10 animals per test concentration, no feeding during the exposure period, semi-static system
- Method of initiation: animals were placed in prepared media
- Loading: 1.34 g body weight (wet weight) per litre
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
- Temperature: mean +/-1 °C (in the temperature range 20 - 24 °C)
- Aeration: gentle aeration via narrow glass tubes
- Test concentration/s (nominal): 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/L
- Method of administration: stock solution
- Medium renewal: daily
- Duration of exposure: 96 h
- Criteria of effects: The criterion of death used in this study was the absence of response to physical stimulation, In addition to observations on mortality at 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, subjective assessments were made on the type and incidence of sub-lethal effects compared with control fish.

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Details on results:

All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. The recovery rates ranged from 85.5 - 101.7% of nominal values in the freshly prepared medium and from 63.0 - 96.3% of nominal values after 24 hours of exposure.

Conclusions:

A 96h-EC50 of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine towards fish of 2.3 mg/L was determined.

Executive summary:

A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of 2 -chloro-5 -chloromethylpyridine to Dania rerio under semi-static conditions.

The study was conducted in accordance with EEC Methods for Determination of Ecotoxicity Annex to Directive 92/69/EEC Part C, Method 1 'Acute toxicity for Fish' which is in most parts equivalent to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 203 'Fish, Acute Toxicity Test'.

Groups of ten fish of the recommended size were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/L of 2 -chloro-5 -chloromethylpyridine dissolved in water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath and a magnetic stirrer.

Observations were made on the numbers of dead fish and the incidence of sub-lethal effects after 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure.

A 96h-EC50 of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine towards fish of 2.3 mg/L was determined.

All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. The recovery rates ranged from 85.5 - 101.7% of nominal values in the freshly prepared medium and from 63.0 - 96.3% of nominal values after 24 hours of exposure.

Description of key information

A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of 2 -chloro-5 -chloromethylpyridine to Dania rerio under semi-static conditions.

The study was conducted in accordance with EEC Methods for Determination of Ecotoxicity Annex to Directive 92/69/EEC Part C, Method 1 'Acute toxicity for Fish' which is in most parts equivalent to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 203 'Fish, Acute Toxicity Test'.

Groups of ten fish of the recommended size were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/L of 2 -chloro-5 -chloromethylpyridine dissolved in water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath and a magnetic stirrer.

Observations were made on the numbers of dead fish and the incidence of sub-lethal effects after 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure.

A 96h-EC50 of 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine towards fish of 2.3 mg/L was determined.

All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. The recovery rates ranged from 85.5 - 101.7% of nominal values in the freshly prepared medium and from 63.0 - 96.3% of nominal values after 24 hours of exposure.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

2.3 mg/L