Diphosphoric acid, copper salt

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods, other

Remarks:

short- and long-term

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
For further information please refer to read across justification in IUCLID section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

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read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Remarks on result:

other: Individual high quality NOEC/(L(E)C10 values from different studies range from 8.4 mg/kg for Eisenia andreicoco on production to 1,460 mg/kg for Folsomia candida reproduction.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

The invertebrate (including arthropods) effect records include 108 NOEC/(L(E)C10 values; hard and soft bodied organisms with different exposure routes and feeding strategies belonging to 10 different species and 6 different families.

Description of key information

The invertebrate (including arthropods) effect records include 108 NOEC/(L(E)C10 values; hard and soft bodied organisms with different exposure routes and feeding strategies belonging to 10 different species and 6 different families.The NOECs are carried forward to the risk characterisation.

Additional information

Data are available on a number of substances containing inorganic copper and read-across is justified on the basis that for the purposes of assessing the ecotoxicology of Copper (II) pyrophosphate (copper(2+) diphosphate) the chemical species of interest is copper. As such studies referring to soluble copper ions from any source are considered to be directly relevant to Copper (II) pyrophosphate. Copper (II) pyrophosphate is considered to contribute to copper toxicity in the environment and as such the data assessment and risk assessment focusses on the copper ion as the phosphate ion is not considered to be toxic.

 

NOECs for soil macroorganisms and terrestrial arthropodes:

The invertebrate (including arthropods) effect records include 108 NOEC/(L(E)C10 values; hard and soft bodied organisms with different exposure routes and feeding strategies belonging to 10 different species and 6 different families (i.e. the Eisenia andrei, Eisenia fetida, Lumbricus rubellus belonging to the family of the Lumbricidae; Cognettia sphagnetorum to the family of the Enchytraedae; Isotoma viridis, Folsomia candida, Folsomia fimetaria to the family of the Isotomidae; Hypoaspis aculeifer to the family of the Laelapidae, Platynothrus peltifer to the family of the Camisiidae, Plectus acuminatus to the family of the Plectidae).

Individual high quality NOEC/(L(E)C10 values from different studies range from 8.4 mg/kg for Eisenia andreicoco on production to 1,460 mg/kg for Folsomia candida reproduction.

Remarkably low NOEC values are found in some tests that used Eisenia species (E. fetida and E. andrei). The lowest value is found for E. Andreire production (8.4 mg total Cu/kg) in a natural soil (a German standard soil often used in toxicity tests, LUFA 2.2). This value is below the limit for essentiality. Van Gestel et al, 1989 actually warn against use of cocoon production as reliable endpoint for Eisena Feitida.

 

Important intra-species variability in NOEC/L(E)C10 values are observed due to differences in the physico-chemistry of the soils. For invertebrates, 2 models were developed: the E. fetida model, representing soft-bodied species and the F. candida model representing hard-bodied species. These models were used for the normalization of the invertebrate NOEC data and the derivation of the PNEC.

 

Records are available on the influence of soil ageing/leaching on the plant toxicity, especially those reported by Ma et al, 2006a and Ma et al, 2006b (see section adsorption/desorption) are also of relevance to the terrestrial PNEC. This information was used for the PNEC derivation relevant to monitoring data.

 

Additional information:

A voluntary risk assessment report of copper and copper compounds has been submitted to the European Chemicals Agency by the European Copper Institute (June 2008). This report is based on the industry initiative to perform a voluntary risk assessment on a substance according to the mechanisms of the implementation of the Existing Substance Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 (ESR). The procedure was agreed by the 11thJoint Meeting of the Competent Authorities for the Implementation of Directive 67/548/EEC and ESR Regulation. Italy has been acting as a reviewing Member State for the substance and the risk assessment report has been reviewed by the Technical Committee on New and Existing Substances (TC NES) according to standard operational procedures of the Committee.

 

In accordance with the above mentioned European copper risk assessment, the environmental hazard assessment is based on tests carried out with soluble copper species. Studies reporting quantitative dose responses of Cu(II) ions, delivered from soluble copper compounds to aquatic organisms are used for this assessment.

 

The data presented are considered to be adequate and reliable for the purpose of defining an appropriate classification for the ecotoxicity of Copper (II) pyrophosphate in accordance with Regulation (EC) No.1272/2008 (EU CLP).