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EC number: 701-083-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 5.9 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 30
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 176.32 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
The NOAEL is 1000 mg/kg bw/day. This is converted to 176.32 mg/m3 based on ECHA guidance:
To convert the rat NOAEL (NoObservedAdverse Effect Level) to human NoAEL (No Adverse Effect Level) for interspecies variation (rat to human), a factor of0.38will be applied to account for the standard breathing volume of the rat for 8 hours, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
An additional conversion for workers of6.7m3/10m3to account for caloric demand during light activity will be applied.
An adjustment of x10/100%(oral absorption/inhalation absorption) will be applied to account for assumed bioavailability via the inhalatory route compared with the oral route. (i.e. low oral absorption as low toxicity seen via this route and has to pass into blood stream from the intestines versus high absorption straight from the lungs) (IGHRC, 2006).
1000 mg/kg bw/day * 1 / 0.38 mg3/kg/day * 0.1 abs oral/inhalation * 6.7 m3 / 10 m3 = 176.32 mg/m3
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Value is a NOAEC so no additional AF needed
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Sub-acute to chronic based on ECHA Guidance
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Taken into account with modified dose descriptor starting point
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Taken into account with modified dose descriptor starting point
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- ECHA guidance for workers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 3.3 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 300
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The dose response factor is 1 since the value is a NOAEL and not a LOAEL.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Sub-acute to chronic AF based on ECHA guidance
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Worker interspecies differences based on ECHA guidance
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- other interspecies differences based on ECHA guidance
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Intraspecies differences AF based on ECHA guidance
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
Alkanolamine polyborates (MEA polyborates and DEA polyborates) are of low acute toxicity via the dermal route and are not sensitisers. A sub‑acute or chronic dermal study are not available.
The United Kingdom Interdepartmental Group on Health Risks from Chemicals document entitled ‘Guidelines on route-to-route extrapolation of toxicity data when assessing health risks of chemicals’ (IGHRC, 2006) states that oral to dermal extrapolation is common for industrial chemical and pesticide exposure. This document assumes that dermal bioavailability is less than oral (i.e. less substance will be absorbed via the skin due to its barrier properties), therefore, using the oral data is precautionary, providing that the skin is not compromised by the substance being a severe irritant and causing increased absorption through a more permeable barrier. MEA and DEA polyborates are not considered to be irritants, therefore, equivalent bioavailability can be assumed for oral and dermal exposure to provide a precautionary DNEL. The approach used in the IGHRC document is that used in the ECHA Guidance and is widely referenced.
A sub-acute (short-term) NOAEL of1000 mg/kg bw/dayhas been identified from a 28 day repeat dose oral study.
Worker
Long-term
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for interspecies (rat to human) variation, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
A safety assessment factor of5will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between workers, therefore not including sensitive sub-populations), as per the ECHA guidance.
In the absence of any long-term repeat dose studies, a safety assessment factor of6will be applied to account for use of a sub-acute NOAEL for a chronic DNEL, as per the ECHA Guidance.
Derived No Effect Level (DNELLong-term) for dermal exposure = 1000/(10x5x6) = 3.3 mg/kg bw/day
It should be recognised that in addition to defining a dermal DNEL, consideration should be given to whether it would be more relevant to assess and control the risk(s) of dermal exposure.
A sub-acute or chronic inhalation study is not available. In order to derive an inhalation DNEL, data can be converted from oral studies.
A sub-acute (short-term) NOAEL of1000 mg/kg bw/dayhas been identified from a 28 day repeat dose oral study.
Worker
Long-term
To convert the rat NOAEL (NoObservedAdverse Effect Level) to human NoAEL (No Adverse Effect Level) for interspecies variation (rat to human), a factor of0.38will be applied to account for the standard breathing volume of the rat for 8 hours, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
An additional conversion for workers of6.7m3/10m3to account for caloric demand during light activity will be applied.
An adjustment of x10/100%(oral absorption/inhalation absorption) will be applied to account for assumed bioavailability via the inhalatory route compared with the oral route. (i.e. low oral absorption as low toxicity seen via this route and has to pass into blood stream from the intestines versus high absorption straight from the lungs) (IGHRC, 2006).
A safety assessment factor of5will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between workers, therefore not including sensitive sub-populations) (ECHA, 2008).
In the absence of any long-term repeat dose studies, a safety assessment factor of6will be applied to account for use of a sub-acute NOAEL for a chronic DNEL, as per the ECHA Guidance.
Derived No Effect Level (DNELLong-term) for inhalation exposure = [1000/(0.38x5x6)]x0.67x0.1 = 5.9mg/m3
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.4 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 60
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 000 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 86.96 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
To convert the rat NOAEL (NoObservedAdverse Effect Level) to human NAEL (No Adverse Effect Level) for interspecies variation (rat to human), a factor of1.15will be applied to account for the standard breathing volume of the rat for 24 hours, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
An adjustment of x10/100%(oral absorption/inhalation absorption) will be applied to account for assumed bioavailability via the inhalatory route compared with the oral route (i.e. low oral absorption as low toxicity seen via this route and has to pass into blood stream from the intestines versus high absorption straight from the lungs) (IGHRC, 2006).
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between humans in the general population, to include sensitive sub-populations) (ECHA, 2008).
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- dose descriptor is a NOAEC
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- sub-acute to chronic based on ECHA guidance
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- accounted for in modificaiton of dose descriptor
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- accounted for in modificaiton of dose descriptor
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- ECHA guidance for General Population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.7 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- ECHA Guidance on sub-acute to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- ECHA Guidance on rat to human
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- ECHA Guidance
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- ECHA Guidance on General Population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- N/A
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
A sub-acute (short-term) No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of1000 mg/kg bw/dayhas been identified from a 28 day repeat dose oral study.
General population
Long-term
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for interspecies (rat to human) variation, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between humans in the general population, to include sensitive sub-populations) as per the ECHA Guidance.
In the absence of any long-term repeat dose studies, a safety assessment factor of6will be applied to account for use of a sub-acute NOAEL for a chronic DNEL, as per the ECHA Guidance.
Derived No Effect Level (DNELLong-term) for oral exposure = 1000/(10x10x6) = 1.7 mg/kg bw/day
Alkanolamine polyborates (including MEA and DEA polyborates) are of low acute toxicity via the dermal route and are not sensitisers. A sub‑acute or chronic dermal study are not available.
The United Kingdom Interdepartmental Group on Health Risks from Chemicals document entitled ‘Guidelines on route-to-route extrapolation of toxicity data when assessing health risks of chemicals’ (IGHRC, 2006) states that oral to dermal extrapolation is common for industrial chemical and pesticide exposure. This document assumes that dermal bioavailability is less than oral (i.e. less substance will be absorbed via the skin due to its barrier properties), therefore, using the oral data is precautionary, providing that the skin is not compromised by the substance being a severe irritant and causing increased absorption through a more permeable barrier. MEA and DEA polyborates are not considered to be irritants, therefore, equivalent bioavailability can be assumed for oral and dermal exposure to provide a precautionary DNEL. The approach used in the IGHRC document is that used in the ECHA Guidance and is widely referenced.
A sub-acute (short-term) NOAEL of1000 mg/kg bw/dayhas been identified from a 28 day repeat dose oral study.
General population
Long-term
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for interspecies (rat to human) variation, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between in the general population, to include sensitive sub-populations) as per the ECHA Guidance.
In the absence of any long-term repeat dose studies, a safety assessment factor of6will be applied to account for use of a sub-acute NOAEL for a chronic DNEL, as per the ECHA Guidance.
Derived No Effect Level (DNELLong-term) for dermal exposure = 1000/(10x10x6) = 1.7 mg/kg bw/day
A sub-acute or chronic inhalation study is not available. In order to derive an inhalation DNEL, data can be converted from oral studies.
A sub-acute (short-term) NOAEL of1000 mg/kg bw/dayhas been identified from a 28 day repeat dose oral study.
General population
Long-term
To convert the rat NOAEL (NoObservedAdverse Effect Level) to human NAEL (No Adverse Effect Level) for interspecies variation (rat to human), a factor of1.15will be applied to account for the standard breathing volume of the rat for 24 hours, as per the ECHA Guidance (ECHA, 2008).
An adjustment of x10/100%(oral absorption/inhalation absorption) will be applied to account for assumed bioavailability via the inhalatory route compared with the oral route (i.e. low oral absorption as low toxicity seen via this route and has to pass into blood stream from the intestines versus high absorption straight from the lungs) (IGHRC, 2006).
A safety assessment factor of10will be applied to account for intraspecies variation (between humans in the general population, to include sensitive sub-populations) (ECHA, 2008).
In the absence of any long-term repeat dose studies, a safety assessment factor of6will be applied to account for use of a sub-acute NOAEL for a chronic DNEL, as per the ECHA Guidance.
Derived No Effect Level (DNELLong-term) for inhalation exposure = [1000/(1.15x10x6)]x0.1 = 1.4mg/m3
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