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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 253-256-2 | CAS number: 36888-99-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.5 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- irritation (respiratory tract)
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: General exposure limit for respirable dust (TRGS 900)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
Based on all the available data, the test item is not subject to classification and labeling requirements under current EU regulations (Directive 67/548/EEC and Regulation (EC) No.1272/2008.
No systemic effects have been observed in rodent studies after short-term and long-term exposure to the test substance. The LD50 for acute oral exposure is greater than 10000 mg/kg bw. For acute dermal exposure the LD50 is greater than 2500 mg/kg bw. Thus, according to Chapter R.8 of the ECHA guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment (2008) the DNEL derived for long-term exposure was considered sufficient to ensure the safety of human workers.
The test substance is not irritating to skin and eyes and has no skin sensitizing potential. All in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicity studies with the test substance and the analogous test substance CAS 76199-85-4 were negative. Test article-related systemic effects were also not reported in the subacute oral gavage study of the analogous test substance CAS 76199-85-4. Thus, DNEL – systemic effects for long-term exposure are not required.
The overall assessment factor of 600 applied to the NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/d results in a theoretical DNEL (dermal) for workers of > 1.67 mg/kg bw/d. However, since no adverse effects were seen at the limit dose and skin permeability is not expected, no DNEL for dermal exposure is provided.
In addition, the NOAEL was modified to get the correct starting point for DNEL derivation for the inhalation route (route to route extrapolation, oral to inhalation), resulting in a corrected starting point of 1763.2 mg/m3/d (division by factor 0.38 m3/kg bw; corrected for activity driven differences of respiratory volumes in workers compared to workers in rest (6.7 m3/10 m3)). The AF for remaining differences was set as 2.5. In order to recognize possible intraspecies differences in workers an AF of 5 and for time extrapolation (sub-acute to chronic) an AF of 6 was estimated and the AF for the quality of the whole database (for the read-across substance) was set as 2 to be appropriate to ensure safety (ECHA, 2008) resulting in a DNEL (inhalation) value of 11.75 mg/m3.
For local long-term inhalation toxicity, it needs to be considered that the substance is handled in a dusty form. In order to protect against local overload from dust exposure, the general exposure limit for inhalable dust of 3 mg/m3is applied. As this value is lower than the one for long-term inhalation systemic effects, only the local DNEL (general inhalable dust limit) is displayed.
ECHA (2008): Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Chapter R.8: Characterization of dose [concentration]-response for human health.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.