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Adsorption / desorption

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Reference
Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Experiment start date - 22 April 1999; Experiment completion date - 18 June 1999; Study completion date - 01 July 1999.
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Type of method:
batch equilibrium method
Media:
soil
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Identity: FAT 40'574/B
Batch: WP 23/99
Purity: Approx. 75 %
Appearance: Solid, dark-red powder
Storage: At room temperature at about 20 °C
Expiration Date: 08 February 2006
Test temperature:
20 ± 1 °C
Details on matrix:
Soil Plot Histories
Speyer 2.2: The soil was obtained from Landwirtschaftliche Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalt (LUFA), Speyer/Germany in 1991. It was transported to RCC and stored in concrete cylinders outdoors. Typical plants of the region were allowed to grow. The soil has not been subjected to any pesticide, organic- or inorganic-fertiliser treatment since arrival at RCC Ltd. RCC Ltd has also stored this soil air-dried in closed plastic or glass containers at room temperature in the dark.

Sisseln
This soil was obtained from the top 30 cm of the soil profile on September 17, 1990 and put together on the same field as a monticule of about 2 m height. Until June 26, 1991, plants typical of the region were allowed to grow. From this soil, the top 50 cm were collected and transported to Rheinfelden/Switzerland (June 26, 1991) and later to RCC facilities (July 5, 1991). This soil is an agricultural soil which has not been submitted to pesticide treatments for the past 20 years. Organic and/or inorganic fertilisation was practised in very small amounts but not after September 1990. The soil has been stored air-dried in closed plastic or glass containers at room temperature in the dark.

Les Barges
The soil was sampled on an arable field of "Scheueracker" which belongs to the Versuchsanstalt Les Barges, (Ciba), Les Barges/VS. After having removed the green-sward the soil was sampled from the surface layer on January 1996. Thereafter, the soil was transported to RCC Ltd. The soil has not been subjected to any pesticide, organic nor inorganic fertiliser treatment for the last few years. An aliquot has been stored air-dried in closed plastic containers at room temperature in the dark.
Sample No.:
#1
Type:
Koc
Value:
0.491 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Matrix:
Sandy loam soil
Sample No.:
#2
Type:
Koc
Value:
0.891 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Matrix:
Loamy sand soil
Sample No.:
#3
Type:
Koc
Value:
0.631 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Matrix:
Silt loam soil
Adsorption and desorption constants:
The screening test revealed a strong adsorption of FAT 40574/B on soil. At a concentration of 3.7 mg/l and soil samples of 5 g, the amount of FAT 40574/B adsorbed amounted to 80.1 % for soil Speyer, 60.6 % for soil Sisseln and 82.7 % for soil Les Barges. From the quantity adsorbed 12.5%, 30.6%, 11.1% could be desorbed from soil Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges, respectively.
The adsorption coefficient was 20.4 ml/g, 7.7 ml/g and 24.0 ml/g calculated for soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges and the corresponding Koc values were 891 ml/g, 491 ml/g and 631 ml/g, respectively. FAT 40574/B can therefore be regarded as little mobile in all three soils.

SCREENING TEST


Adsorption


The adsorption test was performed with an application solution (0.01 mol CaCI2) with 6.6 mg FAT 40574/B per litre. The volumes of the CaCI2 solutions were determined gravimetrically. The total volume (V0) of the aqueous phase is the sum of 15 ml application solutions and the 10 ml CaCI2 solution of equilibration of the soil. After 16 hours of adsorption, the CaCI2 solution was removed for analysis. Two control tubes without soil were treated correspondingly. The quantity of the test item recovered from the controls was determined to be 92.53 µg (= G) resulting to a concentration of 3.7 mg/l. This corresponded to about 80 % of the target application. No significant amount of FAT 40574/B was adsorbed on to the tube. Soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges adsorbed 80.1 %, 60.6 % and 82.7 % of FAT 40574/B within 16 hours, respectively.


Desorption


After 16 hours of adsorption, two desorption steps were performed. The amount of FAT 40574/B desorbed from soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges accounted for 12.5 %, 30.6 % and 11.1 %, respectively. Correspondingly in the three soils 87.5 %, 69.4 % and 88.9 % of the adsorbed amount remained adsorbed in all soils. Thus, it can be stated that FAT 40574/B is strongly adsorbed to the soils tested.


Determination of the Adsorption Coefficient


The adsorption coefficient was calculated taking into account the quantity of FAT 40574/B adsorbed after 16 hours, the soil dry mass and the concentration of FAT 40574/B remaining in solution after 16 hours. The adsorption coefficients K for FAT 40574/B were 20.4 ml/g, 7.7 ml/g and 24.0 ml/g in soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges, respectively. The adsorption coefficient K' can be related to the organic carbon content (in percent) of the soil resulting in a Koc value. The Koc value of FAT 40574/B in soil Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges was 891 ml/g, 491 ml/g and 631 ml/g, respectively. The respective KOM values were calculated as 517 ml/g, 285 ml/g and 366 ml/g. The mobility classification of FAT 40574/B was obtained by comparing the calculated Koc and KOM values to the mobility classes of pesticides according to Guth, 1985.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
The adsorption coefficient was 20.4 ml/g, 7.7 ml/g and 24.0 ml/g calculated for soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges and the corresponding Koc values were 891 ml/g, 491 ml/g and 631 ml/g, respectively. FAT 40574/B can therefore be regarded as little mobile in all three soils.
Executive summary:

The adsorption and desorption behaviour of FAT 40574/B was determined in a screening test conducted according to OECD test guideline 106 by the batch equilibrium method using three soils: Speyer (loamy sand) Sissein (sandy loam) and Les Barges (silt loam). The soils chosen represented a range of organic carbon content, pH, cation exchange capacity and clay content. A preliminary test was performed to establish a suitable analytical procedure. CaCI2 solutions were analysed for parent by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The substance could be analysed in a concentration range of 0.6 mg/l to 8.9 mg/l. The air-dried soils were conditioned with 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution before the test. For the screening test, 5 g dried soil equivalents were treated with 25 ml of a 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution containing the test item. This adsorption was performed in duplicate at a concentration of 3.7 mg FAT 40574/B per litre. The amount of FAT 40574/B adsorbed to the soils was 80.1 % for soil Speyer, 60.6 % for soil Sisseln and 82.7 % for soil Les Barges.


 


After the adsorption, two desorption steps were performed. Therefore, 25 ml of untreated 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution was added to the soil sample and the mixture was shaken for 16 hours. From soils Speyer, Sissein and Les Barges 12.5%, 30.6% and 11.1% of the adsorbed FAT 40'574/B was desorbed, respectively. Corresponding in the three soils 87.5%, 69.4% and 88.9% of the adsorbed test item remained adsorbed.


 


The adsorption coefficient was 20.4 ml/g, 7.7 ml/g and 24.0 ml/g calculated for soils Speyer, Sissein and Les Barges and the corresponding Koc values were 891 ml/g, 491 ml/g and 631 ml/g, respectively. FAT 40'574/B can therefore be regarded as little mobile in all three soils.

Description of key information

The substance can be regarded as little mobile in all three soils.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Koc at 20 °C:
0.491

Additional information

The adsorption and desorption behaviour of FAT 40574/B was determined in a screening test conducted according to OECD test guideline 106 by the batch equilibrium method using three soils: Speyer (loamy sand) Sisseln (sandy loam) and Les Barges (silt loam). The soils chosen represented a range of organic carbon content, pH, cation exchange capacity and clay content. A preliminary test was performed to establish a suitable analytical procedure. CaCI2 solutions were analysed for parent by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The substance could be analysed in a concentration range of 0.6 mg/l to 8.9 mg/l. The air-dried soils were conditioned with 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution before the test. For the screening test, 5 g dried soil equivalents were treated with 25 ml of a 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution containing the test item. This adsorption was performed in duplicate at a concentration of 3.7 mg FAT 40574/B per litre. The amount of FAT 40574/B adsorbed to the soils was 80.1 % for soil Speyer, 60.6 % for soil Sisseln and 82.7 % for soil Les Barges. After the adsorption, two desorption steps were performed. Therefore, 25 ml of untreated 0.01 mol CaCI2 per litre solution was added to the soil sample and the mixture was shaken for 16 hours. From soils Speyer, Sissein and Les Barges 12.5 %, 30.6 % and 11.1 % of the adsorbed FAT 40574/B was desorbed, respectively. Corresponding in the three soils 87.5 %, 69.4 % and 88.9 % of the adsorbed test item remained adsorbed. The adsorption coefficient was 20.4 ml/g, 7.7 ml/g and 24.0 ml/g calculated for soils Speyer, Sisseln and Les Barges and the corresponding Koc values were 891 ml/g, 491 ml/g and 631 ml/g, respectively. FAT 40574/B can therefore be regarded as little mobile in all three soils.