Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Skin sensitisation

Currently viewing:

Administrative data

Endpoint:
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1999-03-08 to 1999-05-24
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Non-GLP study.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1999
Report date:
1999

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Maximization Test of the Guideline for Toxicity Studies of Drugs (Notification No. 1-24 of Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Division dated September 11, 1989)
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of study:
guinea pig maximisation test
Justification for non-LLNA method:
Study was performed before the LLNA method became the preferred method for skin sensitisation testing.

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Yttrium zirconium oxide
EC Number:
264-885-7
EC Name:
Yttrium zirconium oxide
Cas Number:
64417-98-7
Molecular formula:
(ZrO2)x (Y2O3)y 0.59 < x < 1.0 and 0 < y < 0.41
IUPAC Name:
zirconium(4+) yttrium dioxidandiide
Test material form:
solid: particulate/powder
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): zirconium oxide (5.15 wt% yttrium oxide intercrystallised)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): 97ZrO2 3Y2O3 (mole fraction)
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 126
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): no data
- InChl (if other than submission substance): no data
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): no data
- Substance type: no data
- Physical state: white powder
- Stability under test conditions: nonreactive to water
- Storage condition of test material: stored at room temperature
- Other: no data
- Further details on test material confidential

In vivo test system

Test animals

Species:
guinea pig
Strain:
Hartley
Sex:
female
Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc.
- Age at study initiation: 4 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: 272 g - 302 g
- Housing: Five guinea pigs were kept together in each aluminum bracket cage (360 W x 520 D x 330 H mm, Bottom: 320 W x 480 D mm) until the elicitation treatment, then were kept individually in aluminum bracket cages (220 W x 380 D x 250 H mm) after the elicitation treatment. The cages were changed once a week.
- Diet: Solid feed (RC4, Oriental Yeast Col, Ltd)
- Water: Hita municipal water supply was used for water, which was provided freely by automatic water-supply equipments.
- Acclimation period: no data

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 23+/- 2 degrees C
- Humidity (%): 55 +/- 15%
- Air changes (per hr): 10 ~ 15 ventilation per hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hour light and dark period (light on at 7 am - off at 7 pm)

IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1999-02-23 To: 1999-05-24

Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)

Inductionopen allclose all
Route:
intradermal
Vehicle:
physiological saline
Concentration / amount:
2.5% w/v in physiological saline
Amount applied: 0.1 mL per injection
Day(s)/duration:
Day 1
Adequacy of induction:
not specified
Route:
epicutaneous, occlusive
Vehicle:
other: distilled injection water
Concentration / amount:
25% w/v in distilled injection water
Amount applied: 0.2 mL
Day(s)/duration:
Day 8, 48 h of exposure
Adequacy of induction:
non-irritant substance, but skin pre-treated with 10% SDS
Challenge
No.:
#1
Route:
epicutaneous, occlusive
Vehicle:
other: distilled injection water
Concentration / amount:
25% and 2.5% w/v in distilled injection water
Amount applied: 0.1 mL
Day(s)/duration:
Day 22, 24 h of exposure
Adequacy of challenge:
not specified
No. of animals per dose:
Control group: 5 animals
Test agent group: 10 animals
Positive conrol group: 5 animals
Details on study design:
Intradermal sensitisation:
Suprascapular fur was shaved by an electric clipper in order to establish 2x4 cm sensitisation regions, and with the midline as the axis of symmetry, 0.1 mL of below preparations were injected per region of each left-right pair.
1) Test agent group
E-FCA
2.5% test agent
2.5% test agent/FCA emulsion
2) Control group
E-FCA (2 pairs in total)
3) Positive control group
E-FCA
0.1% DNCB/olive oil
0.1% DNCB/FCA emulsion

Patch sensitisation:
Six days after the intradermal sensitisation, the fur in the sensitisation regions of the animals in the control groups and the test agent group were shaved by an electric clipper and an electric shaver, then sodium lauryl sulfate (contains 10% petrolatum) was applied. Seven days after the intradermal sensitisation, the control group was applied with distilled injection water, the test agent group with 25% test agent, and the positive control group with 0.5% DNCB, by placing 2x4 cm lints (Nankai Sangyou Co.) moistened with 0.2 mL each of the preparation on the shaved sensitisation regions and by covering them with rubber dam sheets (Nihon Rikagaku Industry Co., Ltd.), then the trunks were wrapped with Dermicel (Johnson & Johnson K.K.) for 48 hours for occlusive dressing.

Elicitation treatment (challenge):
Fourteen days after the start of the patch sensitisation, the flank fur of the animals was shaved by an electric clipper and an electric shaver, and for the control group and the test agent group, the areas were applied with 25% test agent and 2.5% test agent to each group, respectively, by placing 2x2 cm lints moistened with 0.1 mL of the preparation, and by covering them with oil paper and rubber dam sheets, then the trunks were wrapped with Dermicel (Johnson & Johnson K.K.) for 24 hours for occlusive dressing. For the positive control group, 0.1% DNCB was applied by placing 2x2 cm lints moistened with 0.1 mL of the preparation and by covering them with rubber dam sheets, then the trunks were wrapped with Dermicel (Johnson & Johnson K.K.) for 24 hours for occlusive dressing.
Challenge controls:
25% test agent
- 2.5 g of the test agent was suspended in distilled injection water to make 10 mL.
2.5% test agent
- 0.25 g of the test agent was suspended in distilled injection water to make 10 mL.
0.1% DNCB (2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, positive control substance)
- 0.01 g of DNCB was dissolved in ethanol to make 10 mL.
Positive control substance(s):
yes
Remarks:
DNCB (2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene)

Results and discussion

Positive control results:
0.1% DNCB elicited region: Diffuse moderate erythema or severe erythema and oedema were acknowledged in every sample 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal. Furthermore, scab formations were acknowledged in 4/5 cases after both 24 and 48 hours, and desquamation was acknowledged in all cases after 48 hours. The average scores 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal were 3.0 and 2.8, respectively.

In vivo (non-LLNA)

Resultsopen allclose all
Reading:
1st reading
Hours after challenge:
24
Group:
test chemical
Dose level:
25% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
10
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
2nd reading
Hours after challenge:
48
Group:
test chemical
Dose level:
25% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
10
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
1st reading
Hours after challenge:
24
Group:
test chemical
Dose level:
2.5% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
10
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
2nd reading
Hours after challenge:
48
Group:
test chemical
Dose level:
2.5% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
10
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
1st reading
Hours after challenge:
24
Group:
negative control
Dose level:
25% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
2nd reading
Hours after challenge:
48
Group:
negative control
Dose level:
25% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
1st reading
Hours after challenge:
24
Group:
negative control
Dose level:
2.5% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
2nd reading
Hours after challenge:
48
Group:
negative control
Dose level:
2.5% w/v in distilled injection water
No. with + reactions:
0
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
none
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
1st reading
Hours after challenge:
24
Group:
positive control
Dose level:
0.1% w/v DNCB in ethanol
No. with + reactions:
5
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
Diffuse moderate erythema or severe erythema and oedema were acknowledged in every animal. Furthermore, scab formations were acknowledged in 4 out of 5 animals.
Remarks on result:
positive indication of skin sensitisation
Reading:
2nd reading
Hours after challenge:
48
Group:
positive control
Dose level:
0.1% w/v DNCB in ethanol
No. with + reactions:
5
Total no. in group:
5
Clinical observations:
Diffuse moderate erythema or severe erythema and oedema were acknowledged in every animal. Furthermore, scab formations were acknowledged in 4 out of 5 animals, and desquamation was acknowledged in all cases.
Remarks on result:
positive indication of skin sensitisation

Any other information on results incl. tables

Skin Reaction

2.1 Test Agent Group

1) 25% test agent elicited region

No skin reaction was acknowledged 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal.

The average scores 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal were both 0.

2) 2.5% test agent elicited region

No skin reaction was acknowledged 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal.

The average scores 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal were both 0.

2.2 Control Group

1) 25% test agent elicited region

No skin reaction was acknowledged 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal.

The average scores 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal were both 0.

2) 2.5% test agent elicited region

No skin reaction was acknowledged 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal.

The average scores 24 and 48 hours after the elicitation patch removal were both 0.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
Since no skin reaction was acknowledged in the elicited region of either the test agent group or the control group, it was concluded that the test substance does not have skin sensitising potential under the conditions of this test. On the other hand, it was confirmed that 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, the positive control agent, has an extreme skin sensitising potential.