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Physical & Chemical properties

Particle size distribution (Granulometry)

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Endpoint:
particle size distribution (granulometry)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
2014-07-07
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
In-house determination of particle size distribution using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000.
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
Laser scattering/diffraction
Type of distribution:
volumetric distribution
Percentile:
D90
Mean:
6.448 µm
Remarks on result:
other: dry: 3 bar air pressure-volume
Percentile:
D50
Mean:
2.679 µm
Remarks on result:
other: dry: 3 bar air pressure-volume
Percentile:
D10
Mean:
0.45 µm
Remarks on result:
other: dry: 3 bar air pressure-volume

  YSZ
Messparameter d10 d50 d90
in water: 2800 U/min - volume 4.147 72.175 348.119
in water: 2800 U/min - number 0.075 0.107 0.216
dry: 3 bar Air Pressure - volume 0.450 2.679 6.448
dry: 3 bar Air Pressure - number 0.169 0.312 0.560
Conclusions:
The median particle size (D50) was determined to be 2.679 µm, whereas the D10 and D90 were reported to be 0.450 and 6.448 µm, respectively.
Endpoint:
particle size distribution (granulometry)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
7 April 2010
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The particle size distribution was determined by using a sedigraph. The sample was suspended in water and sodium metaphosphate.
Analysis type: high speed (adj)
WIN 5100 v2.03
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: sedigraph
Type of distribution:
mass based distribution
Percentile:
D90
Mean:
0.709 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported
Percentile:
D50
Mean:
0.352 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported
Percentile:
D10
Mean:
0.137 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported

Low diameter (µm) Cumulative mass finer (percent)
50 100.3 
45 100.3 
40  100.2 
30  99.8 
20  99.3 
10  99.5 
9  99.4 
8  99.3 
7  99.2 
6  99.2 
5  99.2 
4  99.4 
 3  99.5
2.5  99.2 
1.5  98.6 
1  96.6 
0.9  95.3 
 0.8 93.2 
0.7  89.6 
0.6  83.7 
0.5  73.9 
0.4  59.0 
0.3  39.5 
0.25  29.1 
 0.15 11.6 
0.1  6.7 
Conclusions:
The median particle size distribution (D50) was determined to be 0.352 µm, whereas the D10 and D90 were determined to be 0.137 and 0.709 µm, respectively.
Endpoint:
particle size distribution (granulometry)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
2011-08-19
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Sedimentation with gravitational and centrifugal acceleration.
HORIBA CAPA-700 Particle Analyzer.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
sedimentation (gravitational settling)
Remarks:
gravitational and centrifugal acceleration
Type of distribution:
volumetric distribution
Percentile:
D50
Mean:
0.55 µm
St. dev.:
0.97
Remarks on result:
other: 2nd run
Percentile:
D50
Mean:
0.52 µm
St. dev.:
0.86
Remarks on result:
other: 1st run

Distribution table (by vol.)

D (µm)  F % R% 
>10 0  0 
10-9  0  0 
9-8  0  0 
8-7  0  0
6-7 0 0
5-6 0 0 
4-5 2.7

2.7

3-4

1.7

4.4

2-3 

3.4

7.8

1-2 

23.9 

31.7 

0.9-1 

1.6

33.3

0.8-0.9 

5.8

39.1

0.7-0.8 

2.1

41.2 

0.6-0.7

3.2

44.4

0.5-0.6

 11.3  55.7 
0.4-0.5 12.9  68.6 
0.3-0.4  14.9  83.5 
0.2-0.3 12.6 96.1 
0.1-0.2  3.3  99.4 
0.0-0.1  0.6  100 
     

 D (µm)  F % R% 
10. 0  0 
10-9  0  0 
9-8  0  0 
8-7  0  0
6-7 0 0
5-6 0.4 0.4 
4-5 0 0.4
3-4 2.6 3.0
2-3  4.1  7.1 
1-2  22.9  30.0 
0.9-1  4.1  34.1 
0.8-0.9  2.4  36.5 
0.7-0.8  2.6  39.1 
0.6-0.7 3.5 42.6
0.5-0.6  9.7  52.3 
0.4-0.5  14.8 67.1 
0.3-0.4 15.7 82.8
0.2-0.3  13.0  95.8 
0.1-0.2 3.9  99.7 
0.0-0.1  0.3  100 
Conclusions:
The particle size distribution was investigated during two runs using the same batch and the median particle size (D50) was reported to be 0.52-0.55 µm.
Endpoint:
particle size distribution (granulometry)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
2014-06-26
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Microtrac-X100, V9.1.17
Mahlung3, Probe5
2.4 kWh/kg
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
Laser scattering/diffraction
Type of distribution:
volumetric distribution
Geometric standard deviation:
0.098
Percentile:
D90
Mean:
0.438 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported
Percentile:
D50
Mean:
0.249 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported
Percentile:
D10
Mean:
0.166 µm
Remarks on result:
other: St. dev. not reported

Results of Microtrac-X100 run:

SIZE (microns) %PASS  %CHAN 
0.972 100%  0.20 
0.892 99.80  0.33 
0.818 99.47 0.43 
0.750 99.04 0.58
0.688 98.46  0.81 
0.630  97.65  1.11 
0.578 96.54  1.49 
0.530  95.05  1.93 
0.486  93.12  2.48 
0.446  90.64  3.10 
0.409 87.54  3.83 
0.375  83.71  4.77 
0.344  78.94  5.90 
0.315 73.04 7.23
0.289  65.81  8.78 
0.265  57.03  9.78 
0.243  47.25  10.23 
0.223  37.02  9.74 
0.204  27.28  8.34 
0.187  18.94  6.70 
0.172  12.24  4.82 
0.158  7.42  3.41 
0.145 4.01  2.50 
0.133  1.51  1.51 
Conclusions:
The median particle size (D50) was determined to be 0.249 µm, whereas the D10 and D90 were determined to be 0.166 and 0.438 µm, respectively.

Description of key information

Based on data from manufacturers (four reports of representative samples) used all together in a weight of evidence approach, the median particle size ranged from 0.249 to 2.679 µm, based on volumetric distributions.

Additional information

Four manufacturers (Saint-Gobain, Treibacher Industrie AG, Imerys, and Tosoh) provided a study report for a representative sample, reporting median particle sizes and/or additional particle size parameters.

When based on volumetric distributions, the D10, D50 and D90 values over all of these studies ranged from 0.166 to 0.450 µm, from 0.249 to 2.679 µm, and from 0.438 to 6.448 µm, respectively.

One study report only reported mass distributions, resulting in a D10, D50 and D90 of 0.137, 0.352 and 0.709 µm, respectively.