Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 217-830-6 | CAS number: 1975-78-6
Categories
- Category name:
- Nitriles
Justifications and discussions
- Category definition:
- Chemicals sharing the same general structure, i.e. fattynitril, consisting of a linear clkyl chain of varying length and nitril droup '-CN'.
- Category description:
- The order follws an increasing (avarage) alkyl-chainlength.
- Category rationale:
- All substances in this category share the nitrile as single common functional group, defining a similar chemical reactive and binding properties. Consequnetly the toxiclogical MOA can be considered to be simlar over the group. The physico-chemical properties will show variation as a consequence to the variation of the alkyl chain length. With increasing length mp, bp, vp and Kow will increase and water solubility decrease. Consequently, there will also be a variation as to their bioavailability and kinetics (rate of absorption and distribution) depending on the actual length of their alkyl chain. With increasing length of the alkyl chain, bioavailability decerases. Thus, for human health related toxicological endpoints in general, the relatively shorter chain will show the largest possiblility for a specific toxicological effect to develop following exposure.
For the domain of the category, the alkyl chain length can vary from C8 (present in some level in coco) up to generally C18 (for oleyl and hydrogenated tallow) and even higher. For chain lengths shorter then C8, the physico-chemical propoerties of the molecule might become too different, leading to a different toxicological profile, eg. related to different route of uptake (vapour pressure), uptake and kinetics (increased dermal absorption from differences in water solubility and Kow ) and metabolic activity (significant metabolism to the cyanide ion), as is the case of the short aliphatic nitrils (cf. Acetonitril, propionitril, butyronitrile etc.).
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