Sulfuric acid, mono-C16-20-alkyl esters, sodium salts

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

28 Jul - 31 Jul 1986

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

Refer to the Category Approach Justification document provided in IUCLID6 Section 13.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38412 part 9; German standard method (group L); determination of the inhibitory effect of water constituents on green algae (Algae growth inhibition test), L9

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test temperature:

25 - 26 °C

pH:

6.3 - 8.9

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000, 3000 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

17 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

34 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Details on results:

EC10 biomass = ca. 19 mg a.i./L

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

Refer to the Category Approach Justification document provided in IUCLID6 Section 13.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Algal Assay Procedure Bottle Test, National Research Program, US EPA (1971)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method corresponding to OECD Guideline 201.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Chlorella sp.

Details on test organisms:

Test organism: Chlorella kessleri

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

14 d

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

14.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

28.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Reference 3

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

Refer to the Category Approach Justification document provided in IUCLID6 Section 13.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: proposed procedure for growth inhibition toxicity testing by UBA Berlin, 1984

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method corresponding to OECD Guideline 201.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

25.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

57.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Reference 4

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

Refer to the Category Approach Justification document provided in IUCLID6 Section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

17 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

34 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Description of key information

72h EC50 (Desmodesmus subspicatus; growth rate) = 34 mg/L (nominal concentration, EU Method C.3, read-across)

72h EC10 (Desmodesmus subspicatus; biomass) = 19 mg/L (nominal concentration, EU Method C.3, read-across)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

34 mg/L

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

19 mg/L

Additional information

Since no reliable algae toxicity tests is available for C16-20 AS Na (CAS 91648-55-4), in accordance to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5 a read-across to another structurally related substance was conducted. Read-across data available for C16-18AS Na (CAS 68955-20-4). Toxicity of alkyls sulfates is dependent on the carbon chain length - homologues of C-chain length of C13 to C15 are considered as the most toxic from the whole Alkyl Sulfate Category. Toxicity of the chains from C16 and higher will decrease due to lower bioavailability as a consequence of reduced water solubility.

Three reliable studies investigating toxic effects of C16-18AS Na (CAS 68955-20-4) to freshwater algae are available. The key non-GLP study was performed with Desmodesmus subspicatus according to EU Method C.3 (BASF 2001c). Growth inhibition caused by the test substance was determined after 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure to eleven test concentrations up to 3000 mg/L substance of 55.5% purity (equal to 1650 mg a.i./L). No analytical monitoring is available. The results show that the 72-hour EC50 value for growth rate was 34 mg a.i./L and for biomass 30 mg a.i./L (nominal concentrations). The EC10 for biomass was 19 mg a.i./L (nominal concentrations).

Moreover, the non-GLP study by Steber (1988) with Chlorella vulgaris performed according to Algal Assay Procedure Bottle Test, National Research Program, US EPA (1971) is available. Algae were exposed to the test substance for 14 days. The reported EC50 value for growth rate is 14.4 mg a.i./L and the EC10 value for growth rate is 28.6 mg/L (nominal concentrations, no analytical monitoring available). Another non-GLP test reported by Steber (1988) was done with Desmodesmus subspicatus according to the procedure for growth inhibition toxicity testing by UBA Berlin, 1984. Algae were exposed to the test substance for 96 hours. The EC50 value for growth rate was 57.6 mg a.i./L (nominal concentration, no analytical monitoring available). The EC10 value for growth rate was 25.5 mg a.i./L (nominal concentration).

Due to structure and property similarities with the tested category member it can be concluded that the above results apply also to C16-20AS Na (CAS 91648-55-4). The 72-hour EC50 for algae growth rate is 34 mg/L and the EC10 value is 19 mg/L.