Dinitrotoluene

Long-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

fish early-life stage toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1984

Report date:

1984

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 210 (Fish, Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2,4-dinitrotoluene

EC Number:

204-450-0

EC Name:

2,4-dinitrotoluene

Cas Number:

121-14-2

Molecular formula:

C7H6N2O4

IUPAC Name:

1-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
- Analytical purity: >= 95%

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

Oncorhynchus mykiss is the new scientific name of Salmo gairdneri

Study design

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

90 d

Test conditions

Hardness:

35-60 mg/l as CaCO3

Test temperature:

10-13°C

pH:

6.7-7.4

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8-12.2 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0.05, 0.12, 0.27, 0.56, 1.17, 2.26 and 4.2 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

- 60 eggs/concentration exposed
- test was run in dupliacte
- Measurements: dissolved oxygen and pH daily, hardness and alkalinity weekly
- alkalinity: 16-58 mg/l as CaCO3
- photoperiod: 16:8 (light:dark)

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

90 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

1.17 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Basis for effect:

other: fry growth (length, weight)

Remarks on result:

other: In the OECD SIDS the LOEC was wongly stated as 0.56 mg/L

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

90 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.56 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Basis for effect:

other: fry growth (length, weight)

Remarks on result:

other: In the OECD SIDS the LOEC was wongly stated as 0.27 mg/L.

Details on results:

All TS concentrations in the range of 0.05 to 4.02 had no significant effects on egg survival, number of deformed fry or fry survival; 
however, all of the fry exposed to 4.02 mg/l were unable to swim and remained on their sides at the bottom of the tanks.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Results:

	test series	No. hatched	No. deform	No. alive at 90th day	length (cm)	weight (g)
0.00 (control)	A	34	6	25	4.78	0.942
	B	41	1	34	4.5	0.815
0.05 mg/L	A	46	0	32	4.54a	0.83a
	B	48	0	44	4.36	0.720
0.12 mg/L	A	47*	4	36	4.50a	0.775a
	B	47*	6	32	4.66	0.880
0.27 mg/L	A	32*	1	28	4.56a	0.921
	B	34*	1	30	4.60	0.960
0.56  mg/L	A	41	0	30	4.37a	0.745a
	B	43	0	37	4.33	0.746
1.17 mg/L	A	46	4	40	4.08a	0.665a
	B	45	3	42	4.24a	0.730
2.26 mg/L	A	52	2	46	3.82a	0.492a
	B	47	2	35	3.97a	0.582a
4.02 mg/L	A	52	3	26	3.14a	0.287a
	B	47	1	36	3.03a	0.302a

* Instead of 60 eggs exposed only 55 eggs exposed a = significant difference; Since the data on length and weight are given only as averages, it cannot be examined why a data pair (control value vs. concentration value ), which differed only slightly (0.942 vs. 0.830), was reported to be significantly different, whereas other pairs with larger difference (e.g. 0.813 vs. 0.960, 25 vs. 46) was not reported to be significantly different. All concentrations of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene in the range of 0.05 to 4.02 had no significant effects on egg survival, number of deformed fry, or fry survival. However, the fry exposed to 4.02 mg/l were unable to swim and remained on their sides at the bottom of the tanks. In all these experiments (with the exception at 0.27 mg/L), the number of fry hatched and the number of fry alive at 90th day were higher than in controls. The number of deformed fry did not show any relation to concentration. The authors state that in one of the two series of experiments there was a significant decrease in the average length and weight of the fry at the lowest measured concentrations of 0.05, 0.12, 0.27, and 0.56 mg/L (length reduction 5, 6, 4, and 9 %, respectively; weight reduction 12, 18, 2 [not significant], and 21 %, respectively). In another series of experiments, these concentrations had no effect on length and weight. The authors conclude, that there is a concentration affect at 1.17 mg/L and at higher concentrations (LRCT = Lowest rejected concentration tested with effect (similar to LOEC)). At 0.56 mg/L and lower concentrations, they conclude that length and weight are related to the concentration of fry in the incubation vessels. This conclusion is supported by fact that the controls in the first experiments had the second lowest hatching number and the lowest survival of the fry. The controls of the first experiment were significantly longer and heavier than the controls of the second experiment.