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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Skin sensitisation

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Conjugated Dienes as Prohaptens in Contact Allergy: In Vivo and in Vitro Studies of Structure-Activity Relationships, Sensitizing Capacity, and Metabolic Activation
Author:
Bergstrom M.A., Luthman K., Nilsson J.L.G., Karlberg A-T.
Year:
2006
Bibliographic source:
Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2006, 19, 760-769

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of study:
mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
p-mentha-1,3-diene
EC Number:
202-795-1
EC Name:
p-mentha-1,3-diene
Cas Number:
99-86-5
Molecular formula:
C10H16
IUPAC Name:
1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
Test material form:
liquid
Details on test material:
Clear colourless liquid.
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL

Alpha-Terpinene (90%, tech.) was purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium).

The purity of purchased test compound was determined to be >=98% (GC/MS) before testing. Alpha terpinene was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (100% n-pentane and 5% diethyl ether in hexanes, respectively).

In vivo test system

Test animals

Species:
mouse
Strain:
not specified
Sex:
not specified
Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
not specified

Study design: in vivo (LLNA)

Vehicle:
acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)
Concentration:
1, 5, 10, 15, 25 (% w/v)
No. of animals per dose:
3 animals per concentration
Details on study design:
PRE-SCREEN TESTS: not specified

MAIN STUDY - murine LLNA assay

ANIMAL ASSIGNMENT AND TREATMENT
- Name of test method: [3H]thymidine incorporation (dpm/lymph node)
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: The sensitizing potency of the test compounds was classified according to the following: EC3 < 0.1%, extreme; EC3 0.1-<1%, strong; EC3; EC3 1-<10%, moderate; and EC3 10-<100%, weak (ECETOC (2003), Kimber et al. (2003)).

Positive control substance(s):
other: see remarks
Statistics:
Results are expressed as mean dpm/lymph node for each experimental group and as stimulation index (SI), i.e., test group/control group ratio. Test material that at one or more concentrations caused the SI greater than 3 was considered to be positive in the LLNA. EC3 value (the estimated concentration required to induce an SI of 3) was calculated by linear interpolation.

Results and discussion

Positive control results:
The results of this study were compared with the prohaptenic cinnamic alcohol and its reactive metabolite cinnamic aldehyde, which have EC3 values of 1.5 (20.1%) and 0.10 M (1.3%), respectively.

In vivo (LLNA)

Resultsopen allclose all
Key result
Parameter:
EC3
Value:
ca. 8.9
Remarks on result:
other: sensitizer of moderate potency
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
ca. 3.4
Test group / Remarks:
3 animals
Remarks on result:
other: test concetration 10%
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
ca. 8.9
Test group / Remarks:
3 animals
Remarks on result:
other: test concetration 15%
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
ca. 23
Test group / Remarks:
3 animals
Remarks on result:
other: test concetration 25%
Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
CELLULAR PROLIFERATION DATA - not specified

DETAILS ON STIMULATION INDEX CALCULATION : The SI corresponds to the increase in thymidine incorporation of treated groups relative to vehicle-treated control.

EC3 CALCULATION : EC3 values (the estimated concentration required to induce an SI of 3) were calculated using linear interpolation.

CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: not specified

BODY WEIGHTS: not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. LLNA results for alpha terpinene

Alpha terpinene and test concentrations

(% w/v)

[3H]thymidine

incorporation

(dpm/lymph node)

SI

 

EC3 value of  

Alpha terpinene and test concentrations

(% w/v)

sensitizing potency

% w/v

M

 

0

755

 

8.9

0.65

moderate

1

848

1.1

5

1153

1.5

 

10

2595

3.4

 

15

6740

8.9

 

25

17176

23

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
Category 1B (indication of skin sensitising potential) based on GHS criteria
Conclusions:
Based on the results of this study, alpha terpinene was shown to be sensitizer of moderate potency with the EC3 value of 0.65 M (8.9 % w/v). The SI was greater than 3 at the concentrations of 10, 15 and 25 %.

Executive summary:

In this study, the murine LLNA ([3H]thymidine incorporation assay was used to assess the sensitizing potency of alpha terpinene. Alpha terpinene was tested in five different concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 (% w/v) using mice in groups of three.

The results were expressed as mean dpm/lymph node for each experimental group and as stimulation index (SI), i.e., test group/control group ratio. Test material that at one or more concentrations gave rise to an SI greater than 3 were considered to be sensitizers in the LLNA.

The results of this study were compared with the prohaptenic cinnamic alcohol and its reactive metabolite cinnamic aldehyde, which have EC3 values of 1.5 (20.1%) and 0.10 M (1.3%), respectively.

The results demonstrated, that the SI was greater than 3 at the concentrations of 10, 15 and 25 % of alpha terpinene. Based on these results, alpha terpinene was shown to be a sensitizer of moderate potency with EC3 value of 0.65 M (8.9 % w/v).