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Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.7 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
75
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
200 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
352.6 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The following correction was made to the NOAEC (oral): Correction respiratory volume rat (8 hour) 1/0.38 m³/kg bw/day, Correction for respiratory volume (worker): 6.7 m³/10 m³. Therefore the corrected NOAEC for repeated-dose systemic effects via the inhalation route is: 200 mg/kg bw/day*(1/0.38) *(6.7 m³/10 m³) = 352.6 mg/m³.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
A clear NOAEL was established.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default (sub-acute to chronic)
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default (oral rat to inhaled human)
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The available studies were conducted according to appropriate OECD test guidelines and in compliance with GLP.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.7 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
300
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

DNEL for systemic effects via dermal route was determined from 28-day oral NOAEL = 200 mg/kg bw/day

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
A clear NOAEL was established.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default (sub-acute to chronic)
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default Default (oral rat to dermal human)
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The available studies were conducted according to appropriate OECD test guidelines and in compliance with GLP.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.2 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
150
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
200 mg/m³
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
173.9 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

The following correction was made to the NOAEL (oral): Correction respiratory volume rat (24 hour) 1/1.15 m³/kg bw. Therefore the corrected NOAEC for repeated-dose systemic effects via the inhalation route is: 200*(1/1.15) = 173.9 mg/m³.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default (sub-acute to chronic)
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default (oral rat to inhaled human)
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
Default
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
0.3 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
200 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

DNEL for systemic effects via oral route determined from 28-day oral NOAEL = 200 mg/kg bw/day

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
A clear NOAEL was established.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default (sub-acute to chronic)
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default (oral rat to oral human)
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
The available studies were conducted according to appropriate OECD test guidelines and in compliance with GLP.
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Justification:
No remaining uncertainties.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - General Population

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route, Infrequent DNELs

Systemic effects

Hazard assessment conclusion

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 6.9 mg/m³

Route of original study: Oral

DNEL derivation method: ECHA REACH Guidance

Overall assessment factor (AF) = 25

Dose descriptor starting point: NOAEC = 200 mg/m³

Modified dose descriptor starting point: NOAEC = 173.9 mg/m³

Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point

The following correction was made to the NOAEC (oral): Correction respiratory volume rat (24 hour)

1/1.15 m³/kg bw/day. Therefore the corrected NOAEC for repeated-dose systemic effects via the inhalation route is: 200 mg/kg bw/day*(1/1.15) = 173.9 mg/m³.

Assessment Factors

AF for dose response relationship = 1 (Default)

AF for differences in duration of exposure = 1 (Default, infrequent exposure)

AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling) = 1 (Default, oral rat to inhaled human)

AF for other interspecies differences = 2.5 (Default)

AF for intraspecies differences = 10 (Default, general population)

AF for the quality of the whole database = 1 (Default)