Sulfuric acid, C12-14 (even numbered)-alkyl esters, (2-hydroxylpropyl)ammonium salts

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

7d NOEC (Ceriodaphnia dubia, reproduction) = 0.12 mg/L

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.12 mg/L

Additional information

Since no reliable chronic tests involving aquatic invertebrates are available for C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 85681-66-9), a read-across to structurally related category members was conducted in accordance to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5. Read-across data from the following alkyl sulfates were used: C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3), C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) and C12-14AS Na (CAS 85586-07-8). Toxicity of alkyl sulfates is dependent on the carbon chain length and the influence of the counter ion can be neglected. For the PNEC calculation, the NOEC value derived based on the NOECs available for the pure homologues C12AS Na and C14AS Na was used.

A non-GLP, 7-day reproduction toxicity test with Ceriodaphnia dubia performed according to EPA-600/489/001 guideline is available for C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3; Lauth 1996a). Daphnids were exposed under flow-through conditions to five test concentrations up to 8 mg/L. Analytical verification of test concentrations proved that nominal values were in agreement with the measured ones. Mortality and reproduction were evaluated daily. The NOEC value determined after 7 days of exposure to test substance was 0.88 mg/L (measured concentration). This value together with the NOEC for C14AS Na presented below was further used for the derivation of the NOEC of C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 85681-66-9).

The result of Lauth (1996a) is supported by a publication from LeBlanc (1982). In this non-GLP, 40-day test Daphnia magna was exposed to C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3) up to 8 mg/L (nominal concentration) over four consecutive generations under semi-static conditions. No special guideline was followed. Offspring daphnids of less than 24 hours of age were collected after 10 days of exposure and further exposed for another 10 days. This procedure was repeated three times. The overall NOEC ranged from 2 to 4 mg/L (nominal concentrations, analytics not performed).

A non-GLP study with C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) was carried according to the EPA-600/489/001 guidance under flow-through conditions (Lauth 1996b). Ceriodaphnia dubia was exposed to the test substance up to 2.53 mg/L (measured concentrations) for 7 days. The 7-day NOEC for both reproduction and mortality was below 0.05 mg a.i./L (measured concentration). This value together with the C12AS Na NOEC was further used for the derivation of the NOEC of C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 85681-66-9).

One non-GLP study performed according to OECD Guideline 211 is available for C12-14AS Na (CAS 85586-07-8; Verge 2000). Daphnia magna were exposed to the test substance for 21 days under semi-static conditions. No analytical measurements are available. The 21-day EC50 value was calculated to be 5.7 mg/L.

Due to structural and physico-chemical property similarities with the tested category member these results can also be used to determine the long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 85681-66-9). For the PNEC calculation, chronic data available for the pure homologues C12AS Na (CAS 151-21-3) and C14AS Na (CAS 1191-50-0) were used. The composition of C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 985681-66-9) used for the NOEC calculation was based on the normalized mean values of provided ranges: C12: 65%, C14: 35%. Using the additivity formula stipulated in the EC Regulation 1272/2008, the NOEC value for C12-14AS MIPA (CAS 85681-66-9) is 0.12 mg/L. Since the result of Daphnia reproduction testing was the lowest chronic aquatic effect value, the NOEC of 0.12 mg/L was used for the PNEC freshwater calculation.