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Guidance on Safe Use

Guidance on Safe Use

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First-aid measures

- General notes: Wear proper personal protective equipments.
- Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
- Skin contact: Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water.
- Eye contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. Get medical aid immediately.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Allow the victim to rinse his mouth and then to drink 2-4 cupfuls of water, and seek medical advice.

Fire-fighting measures

suitable extinguishing media - In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam.
unsuitable extinguishing media - Extinguishing media should not contain alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases and carbonates.
Special hazard arising from the substance - Reaction of Chloral hydrate with hydroxylamine produces toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Advice for firefighters - As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.

Accidental release measures

Protective equipment: Use self contained breathing apparatus, protective equipments like gloves, goggles, boots etc.
Emergency procedures: Keep away from light, moisture and air.
removal of ignition sources: Keep away from all sources of ignition.
provision of sufficient ventilation: Provide adequate ventilation.
control of dust: Do not breathe dust, gas, vapor.

Handling and storage

corrosive conditions: This substance is non-corrosive in presence of glass.
flammability hazards: This substance may be combustible at high temperatures.
incompatible substances or mixtures: Keep away from alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases, carbonates.
evaporative conditions: Store in a tightly closed container.
potential ignition sources: Keep away from ignition sources, flames and sparks.

How to control the effects of:
(i) weather conditions: Store in a cool, dry place.
(ii) temperature: Store between 0-6°C.
(iii) sunlight: Avoid contact as this substance is sensitive to light.
(iv) humidity: Keep away from moisture as this substance absorbs moisture from air.

Transport information

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Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

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Exposure controls / personal protection

Appropriate engineering controls
• Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
• Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower.

Individual protection measures
(a) Eye / face protection: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN 166.

(b) Skin protection:
(i) Hand protection: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
(ii) Other: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin.

(c) Respiratory protection: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Stability and reactivity

Reactivity: Reaction of chloral hydrate with hydroxylamine produces toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.
Chemical stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Sensitive to air, moisture and light
Possibility of hazardous reactions: Hazardous polymerization has not been reported.
Conditions to avoid: Excess heat, dust generation, light, exposure to air.
Incompatible materials: Incompatible with alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases, carbonates.
Hazardous decomposition products: Chlorine, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, chloroform,

Disposal considerations

Sewage disposal: Do not allow to enter sewers or natural waters.
Special precautions: Empty containers must be decontaminated before returning for recycling