1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene to aquatic invertebrates daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 20 mg/l was prepared by dissolving white powder reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water. 0, 2.5, 4.2, 7.1, 12 and 20 mg/l were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene in Daphnia magna was determined to be 13.9 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Toxicity to aquatic algae:

Objective of this study was to observe the action of test chemical 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene when it exposed with the Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) for 72 hrs. Test conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving white powder in OECD growth medium. Test solution was kept in ultrasonic bath for 20 min. Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. 0, 4.5, 6.7, 10, 15 and 22.5 mg/l concentrations were used. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. Effect on the growth of algae was determine after an exposure period of 72 hrs. Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) due to the exposure of chemical the ErC50 was determine to be 12.8 mg/l. Based on the ErC50 value, substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

Additional information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Summarized studies result of the toxicity of test chemical 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene (CAS No. 89-61-2) on the mobility of aquatic invertebrate daphnia magna were observed and mention below:

 

Aim of this study first key study was to assess the short term toxicity of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene to aquatic invertebrates daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 20 mg/l was prepared by dissolving white powder reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water. 0, 2.5, 4.2, 7.1, 12 and 20 mg/l were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene in Daphnia magna was determined to be 13.9 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Similar study from secondary source water flea Daphnia magna was exposed to the test compound 1,4-dichloro-2- nitrobenzene during a 48 hrs study. The LC50 is determine to be 11000 µg/L (5600- 18000 µg/L) i.e. 11 mg/L (5.6- 18 mg/L). Thus based on the LC50 value, chemical considers to be toxic.

 

24 hrs short term toxicity to Daphnia magna was studied to evaluate the toxic nature of the test compound Benzene, 1, 4-Dichloro-2-Nitro. 20 daphnids (4 replicates; 5 organisms per replicate) were exposed to each of 7 nominal concentrations (1.0-32 mg/L). Stock solution was prepared with DMSO: HCO = 9:1 (1000 mg/L). Controls with and without this vehicle were taken for the test. The 24 hrs EC50 for the test compound Benzene, 1, 4-Dichloro-2-Nitro in Daphnia magna is 8.0 mg/L (95% confidence limits: 6.1-11 mg/L).

 

Thus based on the experimental key study performed according to the OECD guideline, thus on that basis chemical consider to be toxic and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria. 

 

 

 

Toxicity to aquatic algae:

Summarized studies result of the toxicity of test chemical on the growth of algae were observed and mention below:

Objective of this study was to observe the action of test chemical 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene when it exposed with the Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) for 72 hrs. Test conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving white powder in OECD growth medium. Test solution was kept in ultrasonic bath for 20 min. Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. 0, 4.5, 6.7, 10, 15 and 22.5 mg/l concentrations were used. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. Effect on the growth of algae was determine after an exposure period of 72 hrs. Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) due to the exposure of chemical the ErC50 was determine to be 12.8 mg/l. Based on the ErC50 value, substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Above study was supported by the secondary source. The green alga C. pyrenoidosa was exposed to the test compound 1,4-dichloro-2- nitrobenzene during a 96 hrs study. The EC50 is determine to be 2100 µg/L (1500-2800 µg/L) i.e. 2.1 mg/L (1.5- 2.8 mg/L). Thus on the basis of effects observed on algae, chemical consider to be toxic and classified as aquatic chronic 2 as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Similar 72 hrs short term toxicity to microalga Selenastrum capricornutum ATCC 22662 was performed to evaluate the toxic nature of the test compound Benzene, 1, 4-Dichloro-2-Nitro. Stock solution was prepared with DMSO (1000 mg/L). Controls with and without this vehicle were taken for the test. The EC50 and the NOEC for the test compound Benzene, 1, 4-Dichloro-2-Nitro in Selenastrum capricornutum ATCC 22662 is 5.0 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L respectively. Based on the EC50, chemical consider to be toxic and classified as aquatic chronic 2 as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

As the experimental key study conducted according to the guideline, thus on the basis of above study, chemical consider to be toxic and classified as aquatic chronic 3 as per the CLP classification criteria.