Nickel

Manufacture

Documents

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process)

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process) ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process) ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

2.1 Leaching of nickel sulphide (NiS) matte with chlorine (Cl2) gas into a iron(III) or cobalt/nickel containing chloride solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

2.2 Electrowinning of Ni (as regular cathodes and crowns) from purified chloride solutions and surface treatment

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

2.3 Cutting of Ni (as cathode) and packaging Ni sheets, cathodes and crowns

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

2.4 Cleaning and maintenance reported as an example

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure value for activites associated with chlorine leaching

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure value for activites associated with chlorine leaching

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of data (full body) from an analogous process (electrolytic nickel production via NiSO4)

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure measurements for Harvesting operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure measurements for Harvesting operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of personal exposure data (n = 4; Shearhouse shearing of cathodes). 75th percentile of personal exposure data from Bagging of squares (n=5) is 0.15 mg/Ni/m3, which exceeds the DNEL.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile for Shearhouse shearing of cathodes corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.45.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of personal exposure data (n = 4; Shearhouse shearing of cathodes). 75th percentile of personal exposure data from Bagging of squares (n=5) is 0.15 mg/Ni/m3, which exceeds the DNEL.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile for Shearhouse shearing of cathodes corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.45.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile data (full body) from an analogous process (electrolytic nickel production via NiSO4)

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure, Mechanical maintenance in leaching plant

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure, Mechanical maintenance in leaching plant

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Production of Nickel metal powder from Nickel Hydroxycarbonate

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Production of Nickel metal powder from Nickel Hydroxycarbonate ES1 STP discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Production of Nickel metal powder from Nickel Hydroxycarbonate ES2 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 4

Name of activity / technique:

Production of Nickel metal powder from Nickel Hydroxycarbonate ES3 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

31.1 Hydrogen (H2) reduction of Nickel Hydroxycarbonate in enclosed kiln

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

31.2 Crushing/homogenization of Ni powder, and storage

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

31.3 Cleaning and maintenance operations

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

yes

Application of site specific biological STP sludge on agricultural soil:

yes

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

yes

Application of site specific biological STP sludge on agricultural soil:

yes

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

SpERC

Remarks:

SPERCs data for “Manufacture and recycling of massive metal and metal powder” are used (Eurometaux, 2012).

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Maximum of 6 inhalable static measurements during cleaning and maintenance operations at one site. Exposure includes use of mask with P3 filter.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Maximum of 6 inhalable static measurements during cleaning and maintenance operations at one site. Exposure includes use of mask with P3 filter.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Static measurement at a work area. The measured Ni concentration was less than detection limit for the sample collected over 325 minutes.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Maximum of 6 inhalable static measurements during cleaning and maintenance operations at one site. Exposure includes use of mask with P3 filter.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Maximum of 6 inhalable static measurements during cleaning and maintenance operations at one site. Exposure includes use of mask with P3 filter.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10x long-term exposure estimate based on a single static measurement; a factor of 10 was used because of the substantial short term variability of exposure concentrations during powder handling operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

4.1 Stepwise leaching of Ni matte with sulfuric acid to give nickel sulphate (NiSO4) rich leachate solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

4.2 Chemical reduction of purified NiSO4 solution with hydrogen gas (H2) to powder and briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

4.3 Packaging of powder and packaging and bulk out loading of briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

4.4 Cleaning and maintenance of the reduction plant

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Manufacture of ferronickel Molybdenum for use in stainless steel

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of ferronickel for use in stainless steel - FW direct

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of ferronickel for use in stainless steel - marine

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Thermal treatment of laterite in rotary kilns (pre-reduction of laterite)

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Smelting of processed raw material in electric arc furnace

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Further refining, granulation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging and transfer of granulated product

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Manufacture of Ni-containing catalysts from NiO-containing catalyst precursors

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Process category (PROC):

PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process)

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process) ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (Hydrometallurgical process) ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

2.1 Leaching of nickel sulphide (NiS) matte with chlorine (Cl2) gas into a iron(III) or cobalt/nickel containing chloride solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

2.2 Electrowinning of Ni (as regular cathodes and crowns) from purified chloride solutions and surface treatment

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

2.3 Cutting of Ni (as cathode) and packaging Ni sheets, cathodes and crowns

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

2.4 Cleaning and maintenance reported as an example

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure value for activites associated with chlorine leaching

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure value for activites associated with chlorine leaching

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of data (full body) from an analogous process (electrolytic nickel production via NiSO4)

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure measurements for Harvesting operations

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile personal exposure measurements for Harvesting operations

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of personal exposure data (n = 4; Shearhouse shearing of cathodes). 75th percentile of personal exposure data from Bagging of squares (n=5) is 0.15 mg/Ni/m3, which exceeds the DNEL.

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile for Shearhouse shearing of cathodes corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.45.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile of personal exposure data (n = 4; Shearhouse shearing of cathodes). 75th percentile of personal exposure data from Bagging of squares (n=5) is 0.15 mg/Ni/m3, which exceeds the DNEL.

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term 75th percentile for Shearhouse shearing of cathodes corrected to take into account the use of RPE (APF 20). If no APF is applied to the acute value, the acute value is 0.45.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile data (full body) from an analogous process (electrolytic nickel production via NiSO4)

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure, Mechanical maintenance in leaching plant

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure, Mechanical maintenance in leaching plant

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide matte via a nickel chloride solution (hydrometallurgical process)

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Manufacture of Ni-containing catalysts from NiO-containing catalyst precursors

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of Ni-containing catalysts from NiO-containing catalyst precursors ES1 STP discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of Ni-containing catalysts from NiO-containing catalyst precursors ES2 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 4

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of Ni-containing catalysts from NiO-containing catalyst precursors ES3 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Process category (PROC):

PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

13.1 Manufacture of powdered catalysts or production of shaped catalysts (e.g. encapsulated powders) from powdered precursors

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

13.2 Manufacture of shaped catalysts (e.g. extrudates, pellets, tablets, spheres) from shaped precursors

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

yes

Application of site specific biological STP sludge on agricultural soil:

yes

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

yes

Application of site specific biological STP sludge on agricultural soil:

yes

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

TechCondRep 4

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 4 x estimated 75th percentile of maximum exposure concentrations measured for manufacturing processes relevant to the production of nickel metal catalyst involving powdered raw materials or products. assumes processes are enclosed and effective LEV is in

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 4 x estimated 75th percentile of maximum exposure concentrations measured for manufacturing processes relevant to the production of nickel metal catalyst involving powdered raw materials or products. assumes processes are enclosed and effective LEV is in

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

TechCondRep 4

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x estimated 75th percentile shift mean exposure concentration; Assumes automation and complete enclosure of thermal processing and mechanized transfer operations.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x estimated 75th percentile shift mean exposure concentration; Assumes automation and complete enclosure of thermal processing and mechanized transfer operations.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

TechCondRep 4

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 4 x estimated 75th percentile of maximum exposure concentrations measured for manufacturing processes relevant to the production of nickel metal catalyst involving powdered raw materials or products. assumes processes are enclosed and effective LEV is in

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 4 x estimated 75th percentile of maximum exposure concentrations measured for manufacturing processes relevant to the production of nickel metal catalyst involving powdered raw materials or products. assumes processes are enclosed and effective LEV is in

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

TechCondRep 4

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x estimated 75th percentile shift mean exposure concentration; Assumes automation and complete enclosure of thermal processing and mechanized transfer operations.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x estimated 75th percentile shift mean exposure concentration; Assumes automation and complete enclosure of thermal processing and mechanized transfer operations.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Production of nickel-containing alloy powders from nickel oxide

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Production of nickel-containing alloy powders from nickel oxide ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Production of nickel-containing alloy powders from nickel oxide ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Process category (PROC):

PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 9

Name of activity / technique:

32.1 Raw material handling

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 10

Name of activity / technique:

32.2 Smelting

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 11

Name of activity / technique:

32.3 Alloying & Atomising

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 12

Name of activity / technique:

32.4 Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 13

Name of activity / technique:

32.5 Blending and Sieving

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 14

Name of activity / technique:

32.6 Packaging

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 15

Name of activity / technique:

32.7 Cleaning and maintenance

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term estimate for ‘smelting’

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term estimate for ‘smelting’

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate for ‘granulating’

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate for ‘granulating’

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate for ‘blending and sieving'

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate for ‘blending and sieving'

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x the long-term exposure estimate for filling big bags and small containers; operations involving handling of powdered product

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x the long-term exposure estimate for filling big bags and small containers; operations involving handling of powdered product

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: Read across from dermal exposure to insoluble Ni for packing Ni Metal Powder

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

Technical and organisational conditions

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

OtherCondRep

OtherCondRep 1

OtherCondRep 2

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x the long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Thermal decomposition of complexed nickel into nickel powder

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Thermal decomposition of complexed nickel into nickel powder ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Thermal decomposition of complexed nickel into nickel powder ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

5.1 Precipitation and separation of insoluble nickel complex from a copper-nickel (Cu-Ni) sulphate solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

5.2 Pyrolysis (thermal decomposition in the absence of oxygen) of complexed nickel to form nickel powder and pressing of this powder into briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

5.3 Packaging of briquettes in drums or big bags

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

5.4 Cleaning and maintenance routines for plant and premises reported as examples

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile long-term exposure value for pyrolysis

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile long-term exposure value for pyrolysis

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile; data from an analogous process (briquette packaging)

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term read-across exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile; data from an analogous process (briquette packaging)

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term read-across exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 75th percentile for for briquette packaging in an analogous process

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 3

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate. Levels represent inhalable nickel. Acute exposure to potentially ‘dusty’ particulates, exemplified by powders, have been derived from long-term measurements by multiplying these values by a factor of 10.

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 10 x long-term exposure estimate. Levels represent inhalable nickel. Acute exposure to potentially ‘dusty’ particulates, exemplified by powders, have been derived from long-term measurements by multiplying these values by a factor of 10.

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

4.1 Stepwise leaching of Ni matte with sulfuric acid to give nickel sulphate (NiSO4) rich leachate solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

4.2 Chemical reduction of purified NiSO4 solution with hydrogen gas (H2) to powder and briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

4.3 Packaging of powder and packaging and bulk out loading of briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

4.4 Cleaning and maintenance of the reduction plant

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x long-term exposure estimate

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Use of pre-reduced nickel containing catalyst

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC6a: Use of intermediate

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC6b: Use of reactive processing aid at industrial site (no inclusion into or onto article)

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Manufacture of nickel-containing catalysts from nickel oxide-containing catalyst precursors

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel-containing catalysts from nickel oxide-containing catalyst precursors - Discharge to fresh water via municipal sewage treatment plant

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel-containing catalysts from nickel oxide-containing catalyst precursors - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel-containing catalysts from nickel oxide-containing catalyst precursors - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of powdered catalysts or production of shaped catalysts (e.g. encapsulated powders) from powdered precursors

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 14: Tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation, granulation

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of shaped catalysts (e.g. extrudates, pellets, tablets, spheres) from shaped precursors

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Carbonyl refining of nickel matte (Nickel carbonyl process)

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Manufacture of nickel powder or nickel alloy powder from nickel oxide

Manufacture

Registration/ Notification status for the use:

use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel powder or nickel alloy powder from nickel oxide - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel powder or nickel alloy powder from nickel oxide - Direct discharge to marine water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Smelting

Process category (PROC):

PROC 22: Potentially closed processing operations with minerals/metals at elevated temperature. Industrial setting

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Alloying and atomisation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

PROC 27a: Production of metal powders (hot processes)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Drying

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

PROC 4: Chemical production where opportunity for exposure arises

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Blending and sieving

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging

Process category (PROC):

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Manufacture of nickel metal through hydrogen reduction

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Manufacture of nickel metal through hydrogen reduction - Direct discharge to fresh water

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Chemical reduction

Process category (PROC):

PROC 1: Chemical production or refinery in closed process without likelihood of exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Packaging of powder and briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 21: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles

PROC 26: Handling of solid inorganic substances at ambient temperature

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Wet cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Cleaning/removal of dust

Process category (PROC):

PROC28: Manual maintenance (cleaning and repair) of machinery

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte

Manufacture

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 1

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC1: Manufacture of the substance

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 2

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES1 direct discharge

Contributing activity / technique for the environment 3

Name of activity / technique:

Leaching and hydrogen (H2) reduction of Ni sulphide (NiS) matte ES2 marine discharge

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Contributing activity / technique for workers 5

Name of activity / technique:

4.1 Stepwise leaching of Ni matte with sulfuric acid to give nickel sulphate (NiSO4) rich leachate solution

Process category (PROC):

PROC 2: Chemical production or refinery in closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 6

Name of activity / technique:

4.2 Chemical reduction of purified NiSO4 solution with hydrogen gas (H2) to powder and briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 3: Manufacture or formulation in the chemical industry in closed batch processes with occasional controlled exposure or processes with equivalent containment conditions

Contributing activity / technique for workers 7

Name of activity / technique:

4.3 Packaging of powder and packaging and bulk out loading of briquettes

Process category (PROC):

PROC 9: Transfer of substance or mixture into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

Contributing activity / technique for workers 8

Name of activity / technique:

4.4 Cleaning and maintenance of the reduction plant

Process category (PROC):

PROC 0: Other: Cleaning and maintenance

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

ContribScenEnvirWorkerRep

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

Contributing scenario for the environment (related to workers activities)

Conditions of use for the environment

Amounts used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life)

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

water

TechCondRep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

air

Conditions and measures related to Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Biological Sewage Treatment Plant (STP):

no

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste (including article waste)

Other conditions of use

Other conditions affecting environmental exposure

Other conditions of use

Releases to waste and the environment

Release to the environment

ReleaseEnvirRep

ReleaseEnvirRep 1

Release from the site to::

surface water

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

ReleaseEnvirRep 2

Release from the site to::

ambient air

Release estimation method:

estimated release factor

Release to external waste

Exposure of the environment

PEC

PEC 1

Exposed compartment:

freshwater

PEC 2

Exposed compartment:

sediment (freshwater)

PEC 3

Exposed compartment:

marine water

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 4

Exposed compartment:

sediment (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 5

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (freshwater)

PEC 6

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (marine water)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 7

Exposed compartment:

top predators' prey (marine water)

PEC 8

Exposed compartment:

sewage treatment plant

PEC 9

Exposed compartment:

agricultural soil

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

EUSES

PEC 10

Exposed compartment:

predators' prey (terrestrial)

Exposure estimation method:

other: The methodology applied to assess secondary poisoning is extracted from the EU RA for Nickel (2008-2009). A detailed report on the methodology used to derive the PNECoral and bioaccumulation factors (BAF) are provided in Appendix D3 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: Calculations according to the methodology defined in the EU RA for Nickel.

PEC 11

Exposed compartment:

air

Exposure estimation method:

other: Median value. An assessment of predicted level of compliance for this sector on site-specific measured or predicted exposures is provided in Section 5 of Appendix D5 of the CSR.

Exposure estimation tool name:

other: EUSES, GPM, IFDM air model

ContribScenWorkersRep

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x interpolated 75th percentile long-term personal exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1

Effectiveness

Route affected:

dermal

PPERep 2

Effectiveness

Route affected:

inhalation

Other conditions affecting workers exposure

Other conditions of use

Exposure of workers

ExpEst

ExpEst 1

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 2

Type of exposure:

inhalation (internal) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 3

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

measured data

ExpEst 4

Type of exposure:

inhalation (external) short-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

other: 3 x 75th percentile longterm static exposure value

ExpEst 5

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) long-term exposure

ExpEst 6

Type of exposure:

dermal (internal) short-term exposure

ExpEst 7

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) long-term exposure

Exposure estimation method:

exposure estimation tool

Exposure estimation tool name:

MEASE

ExpEst 8

Type of exposure:

dermal (external) short-term exposure

Contributing scenario for the workers

Conditions of use for workers

Product (article) characteristics

Other product (article) characteristics

Amounts used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

Other conditions

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

TechCondRep

TechCondRep 1

TechCondRep 2

TechCondRep 3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

PPERep

PPERep 1