Gases (petroleum), refinery blend

Boiling point

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-0.5 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Remarks on result:

other: At standard temperature and pressure

Conclusions:

The boiling point of butane is -0.5°C.

Executive summary:

The boiling point of butane is -0.5°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP status not known, guideline not known, information from a published handbook, acceptable with restrictions

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: Method not known.

Boiling pt.:

-88.6 °C

Atm. press.:

101.325 kPa

Decomposition:

no

At 101.325kPa. No decomposition or sublimation recorded.

Conclusions:

The boiling point of ethane at 101.325kPa is -88.6°C.

Executive summary:

No information on the primary source of the data or the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. Most up to date source. Other reliable 2 sources confirm result. The boiling point of ethane at 101.325kPa is -88.6°C.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-161.48 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Remarks on result:

other: At standard temperature and pressure

Conclusions:

The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C.

Executive summary:

The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-42.1 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Remarks on result:

other: At standard temperature and pressure

Conclusions:

The boiling point of propane is -42.10°C.

Executive summary:

The boiling point of propane is -42.10°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP non compliant, guideline not known, information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

No data reported

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-4.41 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Decomposition:

no

Remarks on result:

other: At standard pressure

No further details reported

Conclusions:

The boiling point of buta-1,3-diene is -4.41˚C.

Executive summary:

The boiling point of 1,3-butadiene is -4.41˚C. No information on the primary source of this data or the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. This value is consistent with the value cited in the EU RAR (2002) for 1,3-butadiene.

Reference 6

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP status not known, information from a published handbook, acceptable with restrictions

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

No data reported

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Key result

Boiling pt.:

-103.77 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Remarks on result:

other: No further details provided

Conclusions:

The boiling point of ethylene is -103.77 °C at 1013 hPa

Executive summary:

The boiling point of ethylene is -103.77 °C at 1013 hPa. No information on the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.

Reference 7

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Up to 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-6.26 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Conclusions:

The boiling point of but-1-ene is -6.26˚C

Executive summary:

No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of but-1-ene is -6.26˚C

Reference 8

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Up to 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

0.88 - 3.71 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Decomposition:

no

The range reported for the boiling point of 2 -butene is based on the boiling points of the cis and trans isomers.

Conclusions:

The boiling points of the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene ranged from 0.88 - 3.71˚C at pressure 1013 hPa

Executive summary:

No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of 2 -butene is 0.88 to 3.71˚C.

Reference 9

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Up to 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-11.73 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Decomposition:

no

The range reported for the boiling point of 2 -Methylpropane (isobutane) is -11.73 °C pressure is assumed.

Conclusions:

The boiling points isobutane was -11.73˚C at pressure 1013 hPa

Executive summary:

No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling points butane was -11.73˚C at pressure 1013 hPa

Reference 10

Endpoint:

boiling point

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Up to 2008

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of method:

other: No data reported

Boiling pt.:

-6.9 °C

Atm. press.:

1 013 hPa

Decomposition:

no

Conclusions:

The boiling point of 2-methylpropene is -6.9˚C

Executive summary:

No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of 2-methylpropene is -6.9˚C

Description of key information

The boiling point of the substances in the category ranges from -161.48°C to 3.71°C.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Boiling point at 101 325 Pa:

-29.6 °C

Additional information

Data from the CRC handbook (Lide 2008) were available for the substances methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, 2-methylpropane (isobutane), 2-methylpropene, butane, butene, 1-butene, 2-butene, and 1,3-butadiene. Data are also available from the Merck handbook (O’Neill 2006) for methane, ethane, propane and butane. The information is taken from reliable peer reviewed handbooks and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use for this endpoint.

 

The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C, ethane is -88.6°C, ethylene is -103.77°C, propane is -42.10°C, 2 -methylpropane is -11.73°C, 2 -Methylpropene is -6.9°C, butane is -0.5°C, butene is -6.27°C to -3.71°C, 1 -Butene is -6.26°C, 2 -Butene is 0.88°C (cis) and 3.71°C (trans), and 1,3 -Butadiene is -4.41°C.

 

The data available for these substances can be read across to other members of the category. The mean of the boiling point values for the category is -29.6°C and this has been used to complete the 'key value for chemical safety assessment'. This value may change for streams that do not contain 1,3 -butadiene.