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Toxicological information

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
sub-chronic toxicity: oral
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1984
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Basic data given:comparable to guidelines/standards.
Cross-reference
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across: supporting information
Reference
Endpoint:
sub-chronic toxicity: oral
Type of information:
read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1984
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Basic data given:comparable to guidelines/standards.
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across source
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Species:
rat
Strain:
Crj: CD(SD)
Sex:
male/female
Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
corn oil
Details on oral exposure:
- Concentration in vehicle: constant volume dosage of 5 ml/kg bw
Duration of treatment / exposure:
30 days
Frequency of treatment:
daily
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
0.14 ml/kg/day (~116 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
0.42 ml/kg/day (~347 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
1.28 ml/kg/day (~1056 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
No. of animals per sex per dose:
5 female/5 male
Control animals:
yes, concurrent vehicle
Sacrifice and pathology:
GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, organs examined include kidneys and livers.
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes, organs examined include kidneys.
Other examinations:
Clinical chemistry- including plasma glucose
hematology - including lymphocyte and platelet counts, cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, and erythrocyte counts;
Urinanalysis - including protein concentrations
Clinical signs:
effects observed, treatment-related
Mortality:
mortality observed, treatment-related
Body weight and weight changes:
no effects observed
Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
no effects observed
Food efficiency:
no effects observed
Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
no effects observed
Ophthalmological findings:
not examined
Haematological findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Clinical biochemistry findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Urinalysis findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Behaviour (functional findings):
not examined
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
effects observed, treatment-related
Gross pathological findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
effects observed, treatment-related
Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
not examined
Details on results:
CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
The majority of animals in the 0.42 and 1.48 ml/kg/day groups showed salivation and/or brown facial staining from day 4 onwards, as did three animals in the 0.14 ml/kg/day group. Salivation was normally for a short period, and the staining resolved within 24 hrs.

HAEMATOLOGY
Males rats in the 1.28 ml/kg/day group showed higher lymphocyte and platelet numbers, and slightly lower packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte counts.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
Plasma glucose levels of rats in the 1.28 ml/kg/day group were lower than controls.

URINALYSIS
Urinary protein concentrations were higher in all male rats in the two higher dose groups, and in 2 males in the lowest dose group.

ORGAN WEIGHTS
Male rats showed a dosage related increase in liver and kidney weights. Female rats only showed higher liver weight at the highest dose level.

GROSS PATHOLOGY
One male rat in the 1.28 ml/kg/day dose group had occasional cystic spaces in the parenchyma of the left kidney.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC
The changes in the kidneys were a slight degeneration of the cells lining the proximal tubules in all treatment groups. There was tubular cell degeneration, tubular dilation with intratubular protein and regeneration. These changes were only found in three males in the low dose groups, and four males each in the medium and high dose groups.
Dose descriptor:
LOAEL
Effect level:
0.14 other: ml/kg/day
Sex:
male
Basis for effect level:
other: This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to an alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
1.28 other: ml/kg/day
Sex:
female
Basis for effect level:
other: 1056 mg/kg bw
Critical effects observed:
not specified
Conclusions:
The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. This type of renal damage is specific to male rats, and is not relevant to humans. The NOAEL for female rats was 1.28 ml/kg/day.
Executive summary:

The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. This type of renal damage is specific to male rats, and is not relevant to humans. The NOAEL for female rats was 1.28 ml/kg/day. 

 

This study examined the oral 30 -day subchronic toxicity of hydrocarbons, C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics, 2-25% to rats. Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 30 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. There was no mortality during the experiment. Renal damage was observed in male rats at all dose levels. This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to a alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans. Female rats exhibited adaptive liver changes at the highest dosage. The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1984

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Limit test:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): BP 8313

Test animals

Species:
rat
Strain:
Crj: CD(SD)
Sex:
male/female

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
corn oil
Details on oral exposure:
- Concentration in vehicle: constant volume dosage of 5 ml/kg bw
Duration of treatment / exposure:
30 days
Frequency of treatment:
daily
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
0.14 ml/kg/day (~116 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
0.42 ml/kg/day (~347 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
1.28 ml/kg/day (~1056 mg/kg bw)
Basis:
other: nominal
No. of animals per sex per dose:
5 female/5 male
Control animals:
yes, concurrent vehicle

Examinations

Sacrifice and pathology:
GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, organs examined include kidneys and livers.
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes, organs examined include kidneys.
Other examinations:
Clinical chemistry- including plasma glucose
hematology - including lymphocyte and platelet counts, cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, and erythrocyte counts;
Urinanalysis - including protein concentrations

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:
effects observed, treatment-related
Mortality:
mortality observed, treatment-related
Body weight and weight changes:
no effects observed
Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
no effects observed
Food efficiency:
no effects observed
Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
no effects observed
Ophthalmological findings:
not examined
Haematological findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Clinical biochemistry findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Urinalysis findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Behaviour (functional findings):
not examined
Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
effects observed, treatment-related
Gross pathological findings:
effects observed, treatment-related
Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
effects observed, treatment-related
Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
not examined
Details on results:
CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
The majority of animals in the 0.42 and 1.48 ml/kg/day groups showed salivation and/or brown facial staining from day 4 onwards, as did three animals in the 0.14 ml/kg/day group. Salivation was normally for a short period, and the staining resolved within 24 hrs.

HAEMATOLOGY
Males rats in the 1.28 ml/kg/day group showed higher lymphocyte and platelet numbers, and slightly lower packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte counts.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
Plasma glucose levels of rats in the 1.28 ml/kg/day group were lower than controls.

URINALYSIS
Urinary protein concentrations were higher in all male rats in the two higher dose groups, and in 2 males in the lowest dose group.

ORGAN WEIGHTS
Male rats showed a dosage related increase in liver and kidney weights. Female rats only showed higher liver weight at the highest dose level.

GROSS PATHOLOGY
One male rat in the 1.28 ml/kg/day dose group had occasional cystic spaces in the parenchyma of the left kidney.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC
The changes in the kidneys were a slight degeneration of the cells lining the proximal tubules in all treatment groups. There was tubular cell degeneration, tubular dilation with intratubular protein and regeneration. These changes were only found in three males in the low dose groups, and four males each in the medium and high dose groups.

Effect levels

open allclose all
Dose descriptor:
LOAEL
Effect level:
0.14 other: ml/kg/day
Sex:
male
Basis for effect level:
other: This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to an alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans.
Key result
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
1.28 other: ml/kg/day
Sex:
female
Basis for effect level:
other: 1056 mg/kg bw

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:
not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. This type of renal damage is specific to male rats, and is not relevant to humans. The NOAEL for female rats was 1.28 ml/kg/day.
Executive summary:

The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. This type of renal damage is specific to male rats, and is not relevant to humans. The NOAEL for female rats was 1.28 ml/kg/day. 

 

This study examined the oral 30 -day subchronic toxicity of hydrocarbons, C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics, 2-25% to rats. Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 30 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. There was no mortality during the experiment. Renal damage was observed in male rats at all dose levels. This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to a alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans. Female rats exhibited adaptive liver changes at the highest dosage. The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.