Formaldehyde, reaction products with bisphenol A and diethanolamine, propoxylated

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2013

Report date:

2013

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

(Reaction product of 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol and formaldehyde), propoxylated

EC Number:

926-000-9

Cas Number:

1180524-77-9

IUPAC Name:

(Reaction product of 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol and formaldehyde), propoxylated

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

other: polyethylene glycol 400

Details on oral exposure:

The administration volume was 5 ml/kg body weight per day.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

no

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

The stability of the test substance in the formulations was assumed as 4 hours (The determination of the stability/homogeneity of the test item M 530 in different solvents was not possible with the analytical methods currently available at the analytical laboratory). The time of preparation as well as the time of dosing (at least time of dosing of first animal of the respective dose group and time of last dosing of respective dose group) was documented for each preparation (hour and minute). The relevant time point for preparation was the time point of admix of polyethylene glycol 400 to the test substance.
Twice (at study start and at the end of the study), the preparation of the test formulation was checked by a second person (4-eye-principle) and the adequacy of the preparation was documented. The preparation of the formulation was described in the raw data.
The test substance was administered as a solution in the vehicle. The formulations were stored at room temperature for maximum 4 hours.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

29 days

Frequency of treatment:

once daily

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
100, 500, 1000 mg/kg bw
Basis:
actual ingested

No. of animals per sex per dose:

five

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale:

In a two-week pilot study five animals per sex and dose received 0, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg test substance. In-life data, necropsy, organ weight measurements and histopathology (stomach only) did not show any treatment-related changes up to 1000 mg/kg.

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes (incl. Open Field Observations (OFO))
- Time schedule: once before start and once weekly thereafter

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily

FOOD CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly

WATER CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly

HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: once, day 28
- How many animals: all dose groups incl. controls

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: once, day 28
- How many animals: all dose groups incl. controls

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: FOB: once, day 22-23 ); MA: once, day 22-23
- Dose groups that were examined: all dose groups incl. controls
- Battery of functions tested: Functional Observational Battery (FOB); Motor Activity (MA)

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes (all dose groups and controls)

ORGAN Weights:
Brain, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys (both), thymus, adrenal glands (both), epididymides (both), testes (both), prostate, seminal vesicles with coagulation glands, ovaries/oviducts (both) and uterus/cervix.

Fixed organs:
Adrenals, aorta, brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, ponslmedulla), epididymides, esophagus, eyes, eyelids, extraorbital lachrymal glands, femur, harderian glands, head (with nasal and paranasal cavities), heart, intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and remaining intestine), kidneys, larynx, liver, lymph nodes (mandibular, bronchial/hilus, and mesenteric), lung, mamma, optical nerves, ovaries, oviducts, pancreas, pharynx, pituitary, prostate, salivary glands, sciatic nerve, seminal vesicles (incl. coagulating glands), skeletal muscle (thigh), skin (mammary and muzzle), spinal cord (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), spleen, sternum, stomach (forestomach and glandular stomach), testes, thymus, thyroids (including parathyroid glands), tongue, trachea, ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, uterus with uterine cervix, vagina, Zymbal’s glands and all organs or tissues with macroscopic findings.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (high dose group and controls)
- Microscopic: Adrenals, aorta, brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem), epididymides, eyes, femur, heart, intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and remaining intestine), kidneys, lung, ovaries, oviducts, prostate, sciatic nerve, skeletal muscle (thigh), spinal cord (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), sternum with bone marrow, testes, seminal vesicles (incl. coagulating glands), stomach, trachea and thyroids glands, urinary bladder, uterus with uterine cervix, vagina and all organs or tissues with macroscopic findings.

HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (all dose groups and controls)
-Microscopic: thyroids

Statistics:

Statistical tests on FOB, body weights and weight gain as well as on absolute organ weights were done using the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test. For relative organ weights the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test after log. Transformation was used.
If primary food and water intake data were recorded, the calculated food/water intake per animal was evaluated using adjusted Mann-Whitney U-tests.
The Dunnett Exact Homogeneous or Heterogeneous Test, the Dunnett Exact Homogeneous Test after log. Transformation or the Bonferroni/Mann-Whitney U-test was used for clinical pathology parameters. Descriptive statistics were provided per sex, dose group and time point for all parameters that were recorded with a specified unit. This included measures of general tendency (mean and median (median not given for food and water intake)) and general variability (standard deviation, minimum and maximum) as appropriate.

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Mortality:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Food efficiency:

not examined

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

no effects observed

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Clinical biochemistry findings:

no effects observed

Urinalysis findings:

not examined

Behaviour (functional findings):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Details on results:

ORGAN WEIGHTS:

At the high dose of 1000 mg/kg b.w., relative liver weights were increased in females, the same trend was observed in absolute liver organ weights of high dosed females.

HAEMATOLOGY:

At the high dose of 1000 mg/kg b.w., ERY, HB and HCT were slightly, but significantly reduced in females and the same trend, but not statistically significant, could be seen in high-dosed males.

HISTOPATHOLOGY:

In the thyroid gland, a minimal numerical increase of follicular cell hypertrophy was noticed in males at 1000 mg/kg b.w. (incidence: 0/1/0/3). In two males also the severity score was slightly higher (grade 2).

Effect levels

1

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

500 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Based on:

test mat.

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: Haematology: decrease of erythrocytes, hemoblobin and hematocrit

2

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

500 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Based on:

test mat.

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: Microscopic changes in thyroid gland

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

In a repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (Wistar, OECD TG 407), the substance was adimistered via gavage to 5 rats/sex/dose at 0, 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg bw in PEG 400 for 4 weeks. Up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw no mortality occured. The behavior and clinical appearance of the rats were not influenced by the treatment up to and including 1000 mg/kg in both sexes. The body weight gain, the food, water intake, clinical chemistry and organ weights were not affected up to and including 1000 mg/kg in males and females. The results from Functional Observational Battery (FOB) measurements in males and females receiving up to and including 1000 mg/kg bw did not differ from the control animals. Motor and Locomotor Activity(MA/LMA) tests did not indicate neurotoxicity up to and including 1000 mg/kg.

Adverse findings were observed at 1000 mg/kg b.w. and consisted of a decrease of erythrocytes, hemoblobin and hematocrit in males and females and histopathological findings in the thyroid gland of male rats.

Therefore, under the condition of the present study, the NOAEL (no-observed-adverse-effect-level) for M 530 after 4-week daily oral treatment by gavage is 500 mg/kg b.w. for male and female rats.