Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 215-158-8 | CAS number: 1308-14-1
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Chromium(III) hydroxide is insoluble between pH 6.8 and 11.5 (see section 4.8). The main toxic principle of Chromium(III) hydroxide is dissolved Cr(III). Therefore significant aquatic toxicity is not expected in this pH range, because Cr(III) is not available. There are a number of studies available for water soluble Cr(III) salts, that cover the pH range < pH 6.8 and > pH11.5. In general aquatic toxicity of soluble Chromium(III) varies with water hardness.
Acute toxicity for fish varies between 96h LC50 = 2 mg/Chromium(III)/L (Rainbow trout, Chromium(III)nitrate) to 72 mg Chromium(III)/L (Bluegill, Chromium(III) potassium sulphate). The result for the marine fish Yellow eye mullet fits well with 96h LC50 = 31.5 mg Chromium(III)/L (Chromium(III) chloride).
72 d Chronic toxicity to fish was NOEC 0.05 mg Chromium(III)/L for survival of newly fertilized eggs to 30-day post-swim-up of rainbow trouts.
48h acute toxicity for Daphnia magna ranges between EC50 = 17 – 59 mg Chromium(III)/L (Chromium(III)nitrate) depending on water hardness. For a variety of freshwater and marine invertebrates 96h LC50 is 2 – 442 mg Chromium(III) /L (Chromium(III) chloride).
Chronic toxicity of for Daphnia magna is reported to be 21d NOEC 0.7 mg Chromium(III) /L for reproduction. In another study the 21 d LC50 was 2 mg Chromium(III)/L mortality and the 21 d EC50 reproductive impairment 0.6 mg Chromium(III) /L Chromium(III) chloride (Daphnia magna). For the stone fly a 7 d LC50 of 32 mg Chromium(III) /L based on mortality is reported. For the Polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata the 293 d NOEC for behaviour and reproduction was 50.4 mg Chromium(III) /L. All studies were performed with Chromium(III)chloride.
For freshwater algae and marine diatoms 96 h EC50 data for are 0.3 - 0.4 mg Chromium(III)/L (Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata) and 96 h EC50 2 mg Chromium(III) /L (Ditylum brightwellii) (Chromium(III)chloride)
The 9 h IC50 is 50 mg Chromium(III)/L for Tetrahymena pyriformis (growth inhibition) (Chromium(III)chloride). In another study large decreases in Cr(III) concentrations at pH 6.5 occurred because of the low solubility of Cr(III) at that pH. Significantly growth rate inhibition of mixed bacterial population was observed in two of four samples at the 100 mg/L level in the non-aerated samples. Higher growth rates were found at 10mg/L in the aerated samples.
Based on the available information it was concluded that chromium(III)hydroxide is not acute toxic for the aquatic environment, since all soluble chromium(III)-compounds show a toxicity of > 1 mg/l to aquatic organisms.
Further assessment is needed to conclude on the chronic toxicity of chromium(III)hydroxide for aquatic organisms
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