Chromium (III) hydroxide

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Administrative data

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Information from two peer reviewed Assessment Reports, original studies not available. Chromium(III) hydroxide is insoluble between pH 6.8 and 11 (see section 4.8). Under conditions < pH 6.8 hydrolysis takes place and at > pH11.5 hydroxocomplexes are formed. The main toxic principle of these solutions < pH6.8 and > pH11.5 is dissolved Cr(III). Therefore Chromium(III) nitrate and Chromium(III) chloride are used as supporting substance.

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

other: Peer reviewed assessment report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2009

Reference 2

Reference Type:

other: Peer reviewed assessment report

Title:

Ambient water quality criteria for chromium.

Author:

USEPA

Year:

1980

Bibliographic source:

Washington, DC, United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Summary of BCF values from a peer reviewed assessment report

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Chromium(III) compounds

IUPAC Name:

Chromium(III) compounds

Study design

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: marine

Results and discussion

Bioaccumulation factor

Remarks on result:

other: Results see: Any other information on results incl. tables

Any other information on results incl. tables

Citation from CICAD Report 76 (2009): " Uptake of chromium(III) directly from water is likely to be very low owing to the limited water solubility of trivalent chromium compounds found in the environment and strong adsorption to sediment under most conditions in the environment". ... " In bottom-feeding bivalves, such as the oyster (Crassostrea virginica), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), and soft shell clam (Mya arenaria), the bioconcentration factors for chromium(III) were found to range from 86 to 192 (USEPA, 1980, 1984; Fishbein, 1981; Schmidt & Andren, 1984)."

Species	Tissue	Chemical	BCF	Duration [days]	Source
American oyster (Crassostrea virginica)	soft parts	Chromium(III) nitrate	116	140	USEPA (1980)
Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)	soft parts	Chromium(III) chloride	153*	168	USEPA (1980)
soft shell clam (Mya arenaria)	soft parts	Chromium(III) chloride	86*	168	USEPA (1980)

* dry weight to wet weight conversion

 

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

BCF values of soluble chromium(III) for bottom-feeding bivalves (oyster (Crassostrea virginica), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), and soft shell clam (Mya arenaria)) range from 86 to 192. Therefore bioaccumulation of soluble chromium(III) is regarded to be low.