4-methoxyphenylacetic acid

Toxicity to microorganisms

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

The supporting QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using OECD QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 with log Kow as the primary descriptor.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Tetrahymena pyriformis

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

No data

Test temperature:

24 deg C

pH:

6.9

Dissolved oxygen:

No data

Salinity:

No data

Conductivity:

No data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

No data

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: IGC50

Effect conc.:

678.87 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: IGC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 8 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and ("h" and ( not "i") )  )  and ("j" and ( not "k") )  )  and ("l" and ( not "m") )  )  and ("n" and ( not "o") )  )  and "p" )  and ("q" and ( not "r") )  )  and ("s" and ( not "t") )  )  and "u" )  and "v" )  and ("w" and "x" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Class 1 (narcosis or baseline toxicity) by Acute aquatic toxicity classification by Verhaar (Modified)

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aryl OR Carboxylic acid OR Ether by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aryl OR Carboxylic acid OR Ether OR Overlapping groups by Organic Functional groups (nested) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acid, aliphatic attach [-COOH] OR Alcohol, olefinic attach [-OH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [CH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] OR Aromatic Carbon [C] OR Carbonyl, aliphatic attach [-C(=O)-] OR Miscellaneous sulfide (=S) or oxide (=O) OR Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] OR Oxygen, one aromatic attach [-O-] by Organic functional groups (US EPA) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkylarylether OR Aromatic compound OR Carbonic acid derivative OR Carboxylic acid OR Carboxylic acid derivative OR Ether by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinones OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> alpha, beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation >> alpha, beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation >> Dicarbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Aminoacridine DNA Intercalators OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones OR Radical OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Haloalcohols OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group  OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group  >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> Alkylation by epoxide metabolically formed after E2 reaction OR SN2 >> Alkylation by epoxide metabolically formed after E2 reaction >> Haloalcohols OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione) conjugation OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione) conjugation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems >> Furans OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Polycyclic (PAHs) and heterocyclic (HACs) aromatic hydrocarbons-Michael addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated amides OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated esters OR Schiff base formers OR Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers OR Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> Alpha-beta-dicarbonyl OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation >> Polycyclic (PAHs) and heterocyclic (HACs) aromatic hydrocarbons-SN1 OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary amines OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Secondary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine OR SN2 OR SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom >> Aliphatic halides by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not possible to classify according to these rules by DPRA Cysteine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High reactive OR High reactive >> Activated haloarenes OR High reactive >> alpha,beta-carbonyl compounds with polarized multiple bonds OR High reactive >> Vinyl pyridines by DPRA Cysteine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non binder, without OH or NH2 group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non binder, impaired OH or NH2 group OR Non binder, non cyclic structure OR Strong binder, OH group OR Weak binder, OH group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 16 - Oxygen O by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 17 - Halogens Cl by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkylarylether AND Aromatic compound AND Carbonic acid derivative AND Carboxylic acid AND Carboxylic acid derivative AND Ether by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not categorized by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as 3-Methylcholantrene (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR Aliphatic amines (Mucous membrane irritation) Rank C OR Amineptine (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR Aromatic hydrocarbons (Liver enzyme induction) Rank C OR Tamoxifen (Hepatotoxicity) Alert by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Inclusion rules not met by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR

Domain logical expression index: "t"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aldehydes OR Ketones by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR

Domain logical expression index: "u"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Reactive unspecified by Acute aquatic toxicity MOA by OASIS ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "v"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Class 1 (narcosis or baseline toxicity) by Acute aquatic toxicity classification by Verhaar (Modified) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "w"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -0.453

Domain logical expression index: "x"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 2.42

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (CAS No. 104-01-8) in microorganism (Tetrahymena pyriformis) on the basis of growth inhibition effect was estimated to be 678.87 mg/L.

Executive summary:

A study was predicted using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, to assess the toxicity effect of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (CAS No. 104 -01 -8) in microorganism (tetra hymena pyr iformis) in a 48 hours of exposure. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid in microorganism (Tetrahymena pyrifor mis) on the basis of growth inhibition effect was estimated to be 678.87 mg/L. Thus, it can be concluded that the test substance 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (CAS No. 104 -01 -8) does not exhibit any toxicity effect to microorganism.

Description of key information

A study was predicted using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, to assess the toxicity effect of4-methoxyphenylacetic acid(CAS No. 104 -01 -8) in microorganism (tetra hymena pyr iformis) in a 48 hours of exposure. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) of4-methoxyphenylacetic acidin microorganism (Tetrahymena pyrifor mis) on the basis of growth inhibition effect was estimated to be 678.87 mg/L. Thus, it can be concluded that the test substance4-methoxyphenylacetic acid(CAS No. 104 -01 -8) does not exhibit any toxicity effect to microorganism.

Additional information

Various studies including predicted results from validated model and experimental study from a peer-reviewed journal for toxicity to microorganism with the target substance 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (CAS No. 104-01-8) and the relevant read across substance (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (No. 94 -74 -6) by considering its structure-activity relationships, were summarized as follows:

 

A study was predicted using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, to assess the toxicity effect of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid(CAS No. 104 -01 -8) in microorganism (tetrahymena pyriformis) in a 48 hours of exposure. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) of 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid in microorganism (Tetrahymena pyrifor mis) on the basis of growth inhibition effect was estimated to be 678.87 mg/L.

Moreover, a toxicity test using protozoa as test organism was devised by Schreiber,B. et al. ( Biol Fertil Softs (1989) 7:289-296) for read across substance (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid (CAS No.- 94 -74 -6). Two different methods were used, the most probable number method and the absorbance method (based on measurement of protozoa growth through absorbance). The ciliate Colpoda cucullus was isolated from different biological starter cultures and tested with the herbicides MCPA. The 9-h LC50 (concentration at which 50% of the protozeon population has died after 9 h of incubation) was found to be 100 mg/L.

 

Thus, based on the above predicted and experimental studies for target substance 4-methoxyphenyl acetic acid (CAS No. 104-01-8) and to its read across substance (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (No. 94 -74 -6), the inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) was found to be 678.87 mg/L and LC50 to be 100.0 mg/L on the basis of various effects (growth inhibition and population effect) in a 9 to 48 hours of exposure.