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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
9.9 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
75
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
600 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
other: NAEC
Value:
740 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Default (DNEL calculator)

Modified dose descriptor staring point: NAEC

NAEC workers (8h): (600 mg/kg bw/day / 0.38 m3/kg) * (0.67) * (1.4) * (0.5)

[where: NAEC is the modified starting point; 600 mg/kg bw/day is the NOAEL for repeated dose toxicity; 0.38 m³/kg bw is the default respiratory volume for the rat corresponding to the daily duration of human exposure. 0.67 is correction for the difference between respiratory rates under standard conditions and under conditions of light activity, considering the inhalation volumes for workers in 8 hours under the respective conditions (6.7 m³ for base level, 10 m³ for light activity); 1.4 is correction for the differences between animal and workers exposure conditions (i.e. 7 days/5 days); 0.5 is correction for differences in bioavailability]

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default data well supported
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default scaling issues considered in modified starting point
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default remaining differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default worker population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default good quality and reliability
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
2.8 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
300
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
600 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
other: modified NOAEL
Value:
840 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Default (DNEL calculator)

Modified dose descriptor staring point: modified NOAEL

modified NOAEL workers (8h): (600 mg/kg bw/day) * (1.4)

[where: NAEC is the modified starting point; 600 mg/kg bw/day is the NOAEL for repeated dose toxicity; 1.4 is correction for the differences between animal and workers exposure conditions (i.e. 7 days/5 days). Based on the assumption that, in general, dermal absorption will not be higher than oral absorption, no default factor for bioavailability should be introduced when performing oral-to-dermal extrapolation]

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default data well supported
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default allometric factor rat to man
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default remaining differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default worker population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default good quality and reliability
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - workers

The Derived No Effect Levels for both inhalation and dermal long-term exposure, systemic effects, are estimated on the basis of the No Observed Effect Level obtained in the subacute combined repeated with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in Rats.

The NOAEL was established as equal/higher than 600 mg/kg body weight/day for systemic toxicity, as well as for reproductive and developmental toxicity.

The calculation of DNELs is based on the NOAEL identified, which should be corrected for the differences between effect assessment data and the real human exposure situation, taking into account variability and uncertainty within and between species. In order to correct the interspecies difference between rat and human the No Observed Adverse Effect Level has to be corrected, using the default values for DNEL calculation.

 

No DNEL is derived for inhalation acute exposure, systemic effects, because, based on the physical state of the substance, inhalation is not an appropriate route of exposure.

 

No DNEL is derived for dermal acute exposure, systemic effects, because dermal acute toxicity is not suspected (details in the acute toxicity endpoint summary).

 

Since no substance-related local effects were observed, only the DNELs for long-term systemic effects were derived. The substance is not classified for skin or eye irritation, thus an effect on mucous is not expected.

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1.74 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
150
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
600 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
other: NAEC
Value:
261 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Default (DNEL calculator)

Modified dose descriptor staring point: NAEC

NAEC general population (24h): (600 mg/kg bw/day / 1.15 m3/kg) * (0.5)

[where: NAEC is the modified starting point; 600 mg/kg bw/day is the NOAEL for repeated dose toxicity; 1.15 m3/kg is correction for 24 hours exposure of general public; 0.5 is correction for differences in bioavailability]

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default data well supported
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Default scaling issues considered in modified starting point
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default remaining differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default good quality and reliability
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
600 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Based on the assumption that, in general, dermal absorption will not be higher than oral absorption, no default factor for bioavailability should be introduced when performing oral-to-dermal extrapolation.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default data well supported
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default allometric factor rat to man
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default remaining differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default good quality and reliability
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
600
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
600 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Modification of dose descriptor starting point is not necessary.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Default data well supported
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
6
Justification:
Default subacute to chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
Default allometric factor rat to man
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default remaining differences
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default general population
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Default good quality and reliability
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
Most sensitive endpoint:
acute toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Additional information - General Population

The Derived No Effect Levels for both inhalation and dermal long-term exposure, systemic effects, are estimated on the basis of the No Observed Effect Level obtained in the subacute combined repeated with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in Rats.

The NOAEL was established as equal/higher than 600 mg/kg body weight/day for systemic toxicity, as well as for reproductive and developmental toxicity.

The calculation of DNELs is based on the NOAEL identified, which should be corrected for the differences between effect assessment data and the real human exposure situation, taking into account variability and uncertainty within and between species. In order to correct the interspecies difference between rat and human the No Observed Adverse Effect Level has to be corrected, using the default values for DNEL calculation.

 

No DNEL is derived for inhalation acute exposure, systemic effects, because, based on the physical state of the substance, inhalation is not an appropriate route of exposure.

 

No DNEL is derived for dermal acute exposure, systemic effects, because dermal acute toxicity is not suspected (details in the acute toxicity endpoint summary).

No DNEL is derived for oral acute exposure, systemic effects, because no acute oral toxicity potential was observed up to 2000 mg/kg bw; details in the acute toxicity endpoint summary.

 

Since no substance-related local effects were observed, only the DNELs for long-term systemic effects were derived. The substance is not classified for skin or eye irritation, thus an effect on mucous is not expected.