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Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
16.48 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
carcinogenicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
12.5
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
Value:
206 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Based on the results obtained from an oral carcinogenicity study in rats, the corrected NOAEL inhalation was calculated as follows:

NOAELinhal (corr) = NOAEL (oral) × (1/sRVrat) × (ABSoral.rat/ABSinh.human) × (sRVhuman/wRV) = 234 mg/kg bw/d × (1/0.38 m³/kg/d) × (50 %/100 %) × (6.7 m³/10 m³) = 206 mg/m³

Details of the method and default values for deriving DNELs are illustrated in the ECHA guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, chapter R.8. Under these considerations, the worker-DNEL (long-term) for the inhalation route is 16.48 mg/m³.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL available
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
data derived from a chronic study
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
covered by interspecies differences in corrected NOAEC
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default (worker)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
irritation (respiratory tract)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
irritation (respiratory tract)
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.7 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
carcinogenicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
50
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL available
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
data received from a chronic study
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
allometric scaling factor for rats
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
default
AF for intraspecies differences:
5
Justification:
Default (worker)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
sensitisation (skin)
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
4.04 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
carcinogenicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
25
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
Value:
101 mg/m³
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL available
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
chronic
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
covered by interspecies differences in corrected NOAEC
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default (general population)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
irritation (respiratory tract)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
irritation (respiratory tract)
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
2.3 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
carcinogenicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL available
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
chronic study
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
allometric scaling factor for rats
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default (general population)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
sensitisation (skin)
Route of original study:
Dermal
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
low hazard (no threshold derived)
Most sensitive endpoint:
skin irritation/corrosion

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
2.3 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
carcinogenicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
ECHA REACH Guidance
Overall assessment factor (AF):
100
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
Value:
234 mg/kg bw/day
AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
NOAEL available
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1
Justification:
chronic study
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
allometric factor for rats
AF for other interspecies differences:
2.5
Justification:
Default
AF for intraspecies differences:
10
Justification:
Default (general population)
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
AF for remaining uncertainties:
1
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population