3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Genetic toxicity in vitro

Description of key information

3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one is not mutagenic or clastogenic in guideline in vitro studies; i.e. bacterial reverse mutation study, in vitro micronucleus test and mammalian gene mutation assay.

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in mammalian cells

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study and GLP

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 476 (In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Type of assay:

mammalian cell gene mutation assay

Species / strain / cell type:

Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

- Properly maintained: yes
- Periodically checked for Mycoplasma contamination: yes
- Periodically checked for karyotype stability: yes

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

other: Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79): the cells have a stable karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 22

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

Phenobarbital/ß-naphthoflavone induced rat liver S9-mix

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

Pretest on toxicity
4 h in the presence and 4 and 24 h in the absence of a metabolic activation system:
10.2 µg - 1300 µg/ml
The highest concentration was based on the solubility properties of the test item
GENE MUTATION ASSAY
--EXPERIMENT I
4 h without S9 mix:
1.8, 5.4, 16,0 (P), 48.1 (P), 144.3 (P), 433.0(P) µg/ml
4 h with S9 mix:
1.8, 5.4, 16,0 (P), 48.1 (P), 144.3 (P), 433.0(P) µg/ml
--EXPERIMENT II
24 h without S9 mix:
1.8, 5.4, 16,0, 48.1 (P), 144.3 (P), 433.0(P) µg/ml
4 h with S9 mix:
1.8, 5.4, 16,0 (P), 48.1 (P), 144.3 (P), 433.0 (P) µg/ml

P = Precipitation at the end of treatment visible to the unaided eye

Vehicle / solvent:

DMSO

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

True negative controls:

not specified

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene

ethylmethanesulphonate

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

The assay was performed in 2 independent experiments, using 2 parallel cultures each. The first main experiment was performed with and without liver microsomal activation and a treatment period of 4 hours. The second experiment was performed with a treatment time of 4 hours with and 24 hours without metabolic activation

Evaluation criteria:

A test item is classified as positive if it induces either a concentration-related increase of the mutant frequency or a reproducible and positive response at one of the test points that is three times above the spontaneous mutation frequency.
A test item producing neither a concentration-related increase of the mutant frequency nor a reproducible positive response at any of the test points is considered non-mutagenic in this system.

Statistics:

A linear regression (least squares) was performed to assess a possible dose dependent increase of mutant frequencies. The number of mutant colonies obtained for the groups treated with the test item were compared to the solvent control groups. A trend is judged as significant whenever the p-value (probability value) is below 0.05.

Species / strain:

Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

the positive controls were functional

Remarks on result:

other: all strains/cell types tested

Remarks:

Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative

Executive summary:

The study was performed to investigate the potential of Macrolex Gelb G to induce gene mutations at the HPRT locus in V79 cells of the Chinese hamster according to OECD TG 476 under GLP conditiions. The assay was performed in two independent experiments, using two parallel cultures each. The first main experiment was performed with and without liver microsomal activation and a treatment period of 4 hours. The second experiment was performed with a treatment time of 4 hours with and 24 hours without metabolic activation. The used concentrations ranged between 1.8 and 433.0 µg/ml.Precipitation occurred at 16.0 µg/ml and above in experiment I with and without metabolic activation and in experiment II with metabolic activation. In experiment II without metabolic activation precipitation was observed at 48.1 µg/ml. No relevant cytotoxic effects indicated by a relative cloning efficientcy 1 or cell density below 50% was observed in experiment I and II after 4 and 24 hours treatment with and without metabolic activation..

No relevant and reproducible dose dependent increase in mutamt colony numbers/10 (exp 6) was observed in both main experiments. Appropriate reference mutagens, used as positive controls, induced a distinct increase in mutant colonies and thus, showed the sensitivity of the test system and the activity of the metabolic activation system.

In conclusion, it can be stated that under the experimental conditions reported the test item did not induce gene mutations at the HPRT locus in V79 cells. Therefore, Macrolex Gelb G is considered to be non-mutagenic in this HPRT assay.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (negative)

Genetic toxicity in vivo

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Additional information from genetic toxicity in vitro:

3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one was examined for point mutations in bacteria using the Ames test according to OECD TG 471 under GLP conditions. 5 strains (S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102) and concentrations up to 5000 µg/plate in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system were investigated. 3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one is considered negative in this test.

An in vitro mammalian gene mutation assay was performed to investigate the potential of 3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one to induce gene mutations at the HPRT locus in V79 cells of the Chinese hamster according to OECD TG 476 under GLP conditions. No relevant and reproducible dose dependent effect was reported.

A micronucleus test was conducted according to OECD TG 487 to investigate the potential to induce micronuclei in human lymphocytes in vitro. In two independent experiments 3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one did not induce micronuclei in this test.

Justification for selection of genetic toxicity endpoint
3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one is not mutagenic or clastogenic in guideline in vitro studies; i.e. bacterial reverse mutation study, in vitro micronucleus test and mammalian gene mutation assay.

Justification for classification or non-classification

3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-2-quinolyl)-1H-inden-1-one is not mutagenic or clastogenic in guideline in vitro studies; i.e. bacterial reverse mutation study, in vitro micronucleus test and mammalian gene mutation assay.