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EC number: 281-897-8 | CAS number: 84057-80-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.79 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):
- 7.9
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.079 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10 000
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 7.9 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 100
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 2.95 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.3 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 0.2 mg/kg soil dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
Read-across approach
There are no ecotoxicological data available for zirconium propionate (CAS: 84057-80-7) and in the assessment of the ecotoxicity of this substance, a read-across approach from data for the metal cation and the organic anion is followed. This read-across strategy is based upon the assumption that upon release to the environment and dissolution in aqueous media, zirconium propionate will dissociate and only be present in their dissociated form, i.e. as zirconium and propionate ions.
Upon dissolution in water, it is indeed predicted that metal carboxylates dissociate completely into the metal cation and the organic anion at environmentally relevant conditions. Information on the stability constant of zirconium propionate predicts that in a standard ISO 6341 medium (2 mM CaCl2, 0.5 mM MgSO4, 0.77 mM NaHCO3 and 0.077 mM KCl, pH 6 and 8) propionic acid has no potential for complexing zirconium ions in solution (<1% of total metal concentration complexed at 0.001 mM Zr; Visual minteq. Version 3.0, update of 18 October 2012. http://www2.lwr.kth.se/English/OurSoftware/vminteq/index.html).
The fate and behaviour (e.g. partitioning) in the environment for zirconium and the propionate anion are predicted to be significantly different from each other, resulting in a different distribution over the environmental compartments (water, air, sediment and soil). Because the relative exposure to both constituent ions is hence predicted to be different from the original composition of zirconium propionate, data for the ecotoxicological properties of this substance tested as such are considered less relevant for its environmental effects and risk assessment and a read-across approach to separate data for both zirconium and the propionate anion is preferred.
For most metal-containing compounds, it is the potentially bioavailable metal ion that is liberated (in greater or lesser amounts) upon contact with water that is the moiety of ecotoxicological concern. In water, liberated zirconium ions however precipitate as ZrO2 or Zr(OH)4 at environmentally relevant pH values, resulting in extremely low dissolved zirconium concentrations. This precipitation is controlled by the environmental conditions, irrespective of the original zirconium compound dissolved. Therefore, ecotoxicity data for ZrO2 can be directly used in a read-across approach for assessing the effects of zirconium from zirconium propionate. As a conservative approach also the ecotoxicological properties of the carboxylic acid are considered in the effects assessment.
According to the REACH Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, chapter B.8 Scope of exposure assessment, an environmental exposure and risk assessment is mandatory for a substance if it is classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment or if it has another classification and an aquatic PNEC can be derived. The threshold for PNEC derivation is not reported in the guidance, and was set at the limit test concentration for acute toxicity tests with fish, daphnids and algae, i.e. 100 mg/L. Therefore if a substance is not classified as dangerous for the aquatic environment, but meets the criteria for at least one of the other hazard classes or categories and has L(E)C50 values <100 mg/L, it was still considered for the environmental exposure assessment.
According these rules, both the zirconium and propionate moieties of zirconium propionate do not require an environmental exposure and risk assessment. Zirconium does not have any classification under CLP while propionic acid has an official Annex VI classification (Skin Corr. 1B) but has no key L(E)C50 values for effects on aquatic organisms <100 mg/L (Table 1).
Table 1: Acute toxicity data for the constituent ions of zirconium propionate to aquatic organisms (only most sensitive species per trophic level).
Trophic level | Endpoint | Propionic acid (CAS: 79-09-4) | Zirconium dioxide (CAS : 1314-23-4) |
Fish | 96-h LC50 | >10,000 mg/L (Leuciscus idus) | >100 mg ZrO2/L (Brachydanio rerio) |
Aquatic invertebrates | 48-h EC50 | >500 mg/L (Daphnia magna) | >100 mg ZrO2/L (Daphnia magna) |
Algae | 72-h ErC50 | >500 mg/L (Desmodesmus subspicatus) | >100 mg ZrO2/L (Desmodesmus subspicatus) |
Conclusion on classification
The substance zirconium propionate will completely dissociate into zirconium and propionate ions after dissolution in water and hence can be regarded as a mixture of both constituent ions. In the absence of toxicity data for zirconium propionate itself, its classification for environmental hazards is based on the classification of its moieties (zirconium and propionic acid). Both zirconium and propionic acid are not classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment, and therefore, it is concluded that zirconium propionate is not classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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