Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl, acetates

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1992

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Results published in a scientific review and peer-reviewed in the European RAR.

Justification for type of information:

The primary component of all substances provide complete coverage of 68334-33-8. 68334-33-8 shares high structural similarity with 61789-80-8, 68783-78-8, 107-64-2, and 112-02-7. As 68334-33-8 is a UVCB its components encapsulate the other substances except for the counter ion (Cl-). In solution, the counter ions will dissociate from the parent structures. Therefore, we are comparing substances of equivalent nature. CAS 107-64-2 represents the C18 boundary of the 61789-80-8. Ignoring the salt component CAS 61789-80-8 is equivalent to CAS 68334-33-8. 68783-78-8 is a worst case of both 68334-33-8 and 61789-80-8 since it is unsaturated and the SP2 carbon-carbon bonds are of higher reactivity and a more likely site of metabolic activation. The primary component of CAS 112-02-7 is a substructure of all the other substances. Additional documentation, provided within the IUCLID Assessment Reports section, supports the read-across approach.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA 600/4-85-013 (1985). methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents to freshwater and marine organisms.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on test solutions:

Aldrich HA, a humic acid with properties similar to those of soil-derived HAs; 2 isolates of aquatic HAs, Suwannee River humic acid reference and Nordic Aquatic humic acid reference (International Humic Substance Society, Arvada, CO); and 2 river waters, Dry Fork Creek (Harrison, OH) and the Lower East Fork of the Little Miami River (Milford, OH), were used to undersand the effect of organic carbon on the toxicity of the compound.
Natural river waters were filtered through a 0.45μm Millipore® filter and stored at 4°C before use.

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

Fathead minnows (P. promelas) were obtained from in-house breeding cultures. Acute toxicity of DODMAC was determined in static renewal exposure, using juvenile fathead minnows two to six weeks old.
Typically fish were exposed to four to six concentrations of test compound, two replicates per concentration, five fish per replicate. Test solutions (0.5L) were maintained at 22±2°C and were renewed daily. Survival was assessed daily during test solution renewal. To reduce the stress of starvation during exposure, each fish was fed several live brine shrimp just before transfer to fresh test solution.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

Well - 151 (3.88) mg/L CaCO3
Dry Fork Creek - 173 (0.71) mg/L CaCO3
Little Miami River - 175 (15.6) mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

22 ± 2°C

pH:

Well - 8.2 - 8.5
Dry Fork Creek - 8.4 - 8.6
Little Miami River - 7.5 - 8.5

Dissolved oxygen:

Well - 8.9 (o.43) mg/L
Dry Fork Creek - 8.5 (0.54) mg/L
Little Miami River - 8.2 (1.00) mg/L

Details on test conditions:

Total organic carbon (mg/L)
Well - < 1.0 mg/L
Dry Fork Creek - 4.6 (0.07) mg/L
Little Miami River - 6.2 (1.08) mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

21.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: river water from Dry Fork Creek (pH 8.4-8.6, Hardness 173 mg/L, TOC 4.6 mg/L)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

36.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: river water from Little Miami River (pH 7.5-8.5, Hardness 175 mg/L, TOC 6.2 mg/L)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

6.4 - 13.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: well water + humic acids

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

3.55 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: well water

Executive summary:

DODMAC was tested on acute fish toxicity using two different river waters. LC50 (96h) was 21.3 mg/ L for the river water from Dry Fork Creek and 36.2 mg/L for the river water from Little MIami River. The river waters differ mainly in the TOC content. The lower value of LC50 (96h) of 21.3 mg/L was taken in the classification excercise as this river has the lower TOC and therefore a less migrating effect.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

3.55 mg/L