Pentyl phenylacetate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Experiment test result performed using standard test guideline

Justification for type of information:

Data is from ABITEC lab report.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Short term toxicity of pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0) to aquatic invertebrates was performed according to the OECD guideline in a static system.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (IUPAC name): pentyl 2-phenylacetate
- Common name: Amyl phenylacetate
- Molecular formula: C13H18O2
- Molecular weight: 206.283 g/mol
- Smiles notation: C(=O)(Cc1ccccc1)OCCCCC
- InChl: 1S/C13H18O2/c1-2-3-7-10-15-13(14)11-12-8-5-4-6-9-12/h4-6,8-9H,2-3,7,10-11H2,1H3
- Substance type: Organic

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

The stock solution (100.0 mg/l) was prepared by dissolving colouress liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentrationas were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Source: Own breeding at University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): The animals used for the test shall be less than 24 h old and should not be first brood progeny
- Feeding during test: No feeding

ACCLIMATION - No data available
- Acclimation period:
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not):
- Type and amount of food:
- Feeding frequency:
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed):

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

± 1 hr

Test temperature:

20±1°C

pH:

Test: 7.9 (changed to 7.8 during test)
Control: 8.0 (no change during test)

Dissolved oxygen:

higher than 7.3 mg/L at the end of test

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0,8,12,18,27,40 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 ml glass vessel
- fill volume: 25 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Natural water (surface or ground water), reconstituted water or dechlorinated tap water are acceptable as culturing and dilution water if D. magna survives in it for the duration of the culturing, acclimation and testing without showing signs of stress. Waters in the range pH 6 to pH 9, with hardness between 140 mg/l and 275 mg/l (as CaCO3) are recommended.
As an example, the preparation of dilution water meeting the requirements is described below.
Dissolve known quantities of reagents in water. The dilution water prepared shall have a pH of 7.8 ± 0.5, a hardness of (225 ± 50) mg/l (expressed as CaCO3), a molar Ca + Mg ratio close to 4 + 1 and a dissolved oxygen concentration above 7 mg/l.

Prepare the solutions specified below:
- Calcium chloride solution: Dissolve 117.6 g of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2.2H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Magnesium sulfate solution: Dissolve 49.3 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Sodium bicarbonate solution: Dissolve 25.9 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Potassium chloride solution: Dissolve 2.3 g of potassium chloride (KCI) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).

Mixing
Mix 2.5 ml of each of the four solutions and make up to 1 l with water.
The dilution water shall be aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration has reached saturation and the pH has stabilized. If necessary, adjust the pH to 7.8 ± 0.5 by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution or hydrochloric acid (HCI). The dilution water prepared in this way shall not be further aerated before use.

- Sodium hydroxide solution, e.g. [NaOH] : 1 mol/l.
- Hydrochloric acid, e.g. [HCl] : 1 mol/l.

Reference substance:
Dissolve 600 mg of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in water and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no adjustment done
- Photoperiod: No - Darkness
- Light intensity:

CALCULATION:
EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0TEST SYSTEM:
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates):
- Biomass loading rate:

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
- Total organic carbon:
- Particulate matter:
- Metals:
- Pesticides:
- Chlorine:
- Alkalinity:
- Ca/mg ratio:
- Conductivity:
- Salinity:
- Culture medium different from test medium:
- Intervals of water quality measurement:

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH:
- Photoperiod:
- Light intensity:

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes/no

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations:
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

20.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 18.0-22.8

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid
- EC50: 0.73 mg/L (24 hours)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance,pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0), in Daphnia magna was determined to be 20.3 mg/L on the basis of mobiity inhibition effects in a 48 hour study.

Executive summary:

Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of daphnids was carried out with the substance pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0) according to OECD Guideline 202. The stock solution (100.0 mg/l) was prepared by dissolving colouress liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentration as were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water. The test substance was tested at the concentrations 0, 8, 12, 18, 27 and 40 mg/L. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0), in Daphnia magna was determined to be 20.3 mg/L for immobilisation effects. This EC50 value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP criteria. But as the chemical was readily biodegradable in water thus it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic and not classified as toxic asper the CLP classification criteria. 

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertibrates:

Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of daphnids was carried out with the substance pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0) according to OECD Guideline 202. The stock solution (100.0 mg/l) was prepared by dissolving colouress liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentration as were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water. The test substance was tested at the concentrations 0, 8, 12, 18, 27 and 40 mg/L. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0), in Daphnia magna was determined to be 20.3 mg/L for immobilisation effects. This EC50 value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP criteria. But as the chemical was readily biodegradable in water thus it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic and not classified as toxic asper the CLP classification criteria. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

20.3 mg/L

Additional information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertibrates:

Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of daphnids was carried out with the substance pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0) according to OECD Guideline 202. The stock solution (100.0 mg/l) was prepared by dissolving colouress liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentration as were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water. The test substance was tested at the concentrations 0, 8, 12, 18, 27 and 40 mg/L. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, pentyl 2-phenylacetate (5137-52-0), in Daphnia magna was determined to be 20.3 mg/L for immobilisation effects. This EC50 value indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP criteria. But as the chemical was readily biodegradable in water thus it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic and not classified as toxic asper the CLP classification criteria.