Registration Dossier
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EC number: 242-538-0 | CAS number: 18727-04-3
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
EC10 (21d) = 4.23 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil dw (Brassica napa) for shoot biomass (read-across from cobalt chloride)
EC50 (21d) = 29.6 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil dw (Brassica napa) for shoot biomass (read-across from cobalt chloride)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No data on toxicity to terrestrial plants are available for cobalt hydrogen citrate. However, there are reliable data available for different analogue substances.
The environmental fate pathways and ecotoxicity effects assessments for cobalt metal and cobalt compounds is based on the observation that adverse effects to aquatic, soil- and sediment-dwelling organisms are a consequence of exposure to the bioavailable ion, released by the parent compound. The result of this assumption is that the ecotoxicology will be similar for all soluble cobalt substances used in the ecotoxicity tests. Therefore, data from soluble cobalt substances are used in the derivation of ecotoxicological and environmental fate endpoints, based on the cobalt ion.
Data on terrestrial plants toxicity tests resulting in high quality EC10 and EC50 values (expressed as Co) for terrestrial plants (n=3) are summarised in the WHO CICAD (2006). The key study however, is not included in this document.
This study conducted according to ISO 11269-2 (ISO 1995) investigated the toxicity of cobalt chloride to three plants in 10 different soils, with the overall lowest EC10 (21d) value for Brassica napa of 1 mg Co/kg soil d.w. corresponding to 4.23 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil d.w. (Li et al., 2009). The range of EC10 values in the study varied from 1 mg Co/kg soil d.w. for Brassica napa and Lycopersicon esculentum to 617 mg Co/kg soil d.w. for Hordeum vulgare. The corresponding lowest EC50 was reported as 7 mg Co/kg soil d.w. corresponding to 29.6 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil d.w. Generally, a higher sensitivity to cobalt was observed in soils of lower pH. Brassica napa was the most sensitive species, followed by Lycopersicon esculentum and least sensitive was Hordeum vulgare.
Two other studies report EC20 values based on growth of Medicago sativa, Hordeum vulgare and Raphanus sativus which ranged from 0.6 to 45.2 mg Co/kg soil d.w., with citrus fruits showing no effect concentrations <100 mg Co/kg soil d.w. (WHO CICAD, 2006). The overall range corresponds to EC20 values of 2.5 to 423 mg cobalt hydrogen citrate/kg soil d.w.
References:World Health Organization (2006).Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 69.COBALT AND INORGANIC COBALT COMPOUNDS.
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